I-BYDGOSZCZ, idolobha lasePoland, eliyisikhungo sokuphatha se-Kuivsky Pomeranian Voivodehip. Itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwe, ehleli ogwini lwalemifula emibili - uVistula noBrad. Usuku ngqo, ukusungulwa kwedolobha akwaziwa, kepha kunenganekwane abayisungule yona abafowabo ababili abavela eningizimu yezwe ukuthola indawo ephumelelayo nenethezekile yokusekela indawo yokuhlala. Kungashiwo ukuthi abafowethu baphumelela amaphesenti ayikhulu. By the way, igama lalingubafowethu - Byd ne-gosch. Okwamanje, uBydgoszcz, hhayi idolobha kuphela elinechweba elikhulu nomlando wasendulo omangalisayo, kodwa futhi nesikhungo sebhizinisi esakha ngokushesha. Ngokuvakashela iBydgoszcz, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola izinto zakhe. Ngakho-ke, nakhu okuphathelene nokubona. Ngikucebisa ukuthi ubone konke ozokunikeza uhlelo lokubona, kepha uma ufuna ukufunda konke ngokwakho, khona-ke imininingwane elandelayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uyasebenza.
Castle in Crucvice . Itholakala eduze kwedolobha laseBydGoszcz, kwenye yemizila ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezivakashi, ezibizwa ngokuthi "indlela yezidleke zezinkoleko." Le nqaba yakhiwa ngekhulu leshumi nanhlanu. Masinyane ekugcineni kokwakhiwa, inqaba yaba, futhi ifanele futhi igxilile, indawo yokuhlala yamakhosi asePoland. Kungani kufaneleka futhi kufanelekile, kuzosiza ukuqonda le ndaba. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngekhulu leshumi nane, azikho izimpi eziphansi phakathi kwezikhulu zasePolish, ngokulandelayo, lo muzi wacishe wabhujiswa ngokuphelele yiKoleOLEV's King Beolete. Lo muzi wakwazi ukubuyisela, kepha hhayi isikhathi eside isikhathi eside, ngoba ngekhulu leshumi nanhlanu wakhetha futhi wahlala ngokuphepha amabutho ama-crusaders aphakathi. Ngalezo zinsuku, iPoland, imithetho emikhulu yemithetho, futhi nguyena owanqoba ama-crusaders angabonakali anikeza umyalo wokuthi i-castre enokwethenjelwa yamatshe eyakhiwe ku-Crucvice, umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuthi yiwona uqiniswa kwemingcele yePoland, kusuka Ama-pomerania empi. Ngemuva kwekhulu leminyaka, okuyikhulu leshumi nesithupha, le nqaba ilahlekelwe inani layo ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuhlaselwa futhi ngenxa yalokho, yethulwa ngokuphelele futhi yawohla ngokuphelele. Ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, abaseSweden bahlasela iPoland, futhi ocishe wabhubhisa ngokuphelele inqaba ngokwayo, kodwa futhi nomuzi empeleni ayekhona. Ngakho-ke, amanxiwa enqabeni, ayemi isikhathi eside kakhulu, kancane kancane abhubhise ngaphansi kwethonya lezimo zezulu eziphikisayo, futhi kuphela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, kwanqunywa ukubuyisa inqaba. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde ubheke i-castle, kepha umbhoshongo obonakalayo obizwa ngokuthi yigundane, akwakhiwa kabusha futhi kwakukhona impela, kukhandeka kakhulu enqabeni.
Castle chelukhov . Kukhona inqaba edolobheni elinegama elifanayo, eliseduzane nedolobha laseBydGoszcz. I-Teautonic Castle, eyakhiwa ngalesi sikhathi ukusuka ngo-1312 kuya ku-1365, njengoba usuvele ukwazile ukuqagela, ukuheha okuyinhloko, leli dolobhana elincane lesifundazwe. Indaba yale nqaba, inezinkinga impela, futhi ingaze yathi wayenesivunguvungu nje. Lapha, Sula ngokwakho. Ngo-1454, amasosha asePops ePops angqongqozwa esuka enqabeni ye-Knights of the Teutonic arder kanye neminyaka engamakhulu amathathu waphila impilo ezolile kusukela ngo-1466 kuya ku-1770, ehlala ethule futhi epholile emaKhosi asePoland. Amakhosi ngokuzithoba nangokuzithoba ahlala lapha ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi esisuka ku-1633 kuya ku-1637, ensimini yenqaba, yakha isakhiwo esisha esivela phansi ezimbili, njengemiyalo yasebukhosini. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amaKhosi ahlala lapha, ngakho-ke inqaba nayo yasebenza njengenqaba eyavikela umngcele osenyakatho nezwe lonke izwe. Ngo-1656, amaSweden angenabuntu ahlasela izwe futhi akwazile ukuthatha le nqaba, kepha awazama isikhathi eside, ngoba ngemuva konyaka ngo-1657, inqaba yayibuhlungu futhi yabuyiselwa ezigodini. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyikhulu, ngo-1786, kwenzeke umlilo enqabeni, eyayibhubhisa ngokuphelele, futhi akuzange kuwuchithe umlilo, acekele phansi ama-aborigine endawo, abhubhise izindonga zezinqaba ezidingweni zawo. Kakade ngo-1811, kusuka esakhiweni esisekuhle kakhulu, umbhoshongo wamamitha angamashumi amane nesithupha ushiywe kuphela. Esikhathini esivela kusukela ngo-1826 kuya ku-1828, kwakhiwa ukwakhiwa okusha lapha. Umqondo bekuwukwakha isonto lamaLuthere endaweni yesigodlo. Ukusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo isisekelo esisindile kanye nombhoshongo. Umqondo uphumelele, isonto lakhiwa, kwahlelwa umbhoshongo wensimbi embhoshongweni. Esikhathini sempi yangemva kwempi, le nkundla yahamba kangangokuba amakamelo adumile amber, amasosha kaHitler asuswa afihlekile emigodini eyimfihlo, le yinqaba.
Imivula yokubhujiswa eBiskupin . Le ndawo yokubhuka yesikhathi ingu-750 - 400 kuya esikhathi sethu, ivulekele izivakashi zamahhala. Usedolobheni laseBiskupin, eliseduze kwendima. Indaba yokutholwa kwayo inje. Ngo-1933, ezindaweni zasendaweni, kwaqubuka izibhamu zemivubukulo kwatholakala lapho kutholakala khona izizwe zezizwe zesiko laseLudgean 750-400 BC. Kwanqunywa ukuletha okumbiwa ekugcineni nasedolobheni lasendulo libuyisela ngokuphelele. Okubuyiselwe ososayensi kuye kwashaqisa bonke abaseYurophu, ngoba lesi sichotho siyindawo yasendulo - inqaba, ensimini yawo wonke amaYurophu. Mayelana nesibalo somuzi wasendulo, kunezinguqulo ezimbili. Ngokwesinye sezinguqulo, idolobha lahlalwa izakhamuzi eziyinkulungwane, kanti enye inguqulo, ithi enye i-Aborigine eyinkulungwane yayihlala edolobheni. Kungenzeka ukubuyisela ukulungiswa kwabo kwempilo. Ngokuyisisekelo, abahlali bendawo benze umsebenzi wokuhweba, ukuzalaniswa kwezinkomo kanye nezolimo. Ukuhweba bekufanelekile kakhulu, kusukela eceleni kwaleyo ndawo, "indlela edumile" edumile "yabanjwa. Ngokusho kwabavubukuli ababehlola le ndawo, kwakhiwa indawo yokuhlala ama-Iranian. Ngokumangazayo, kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukubuyisela izingqimba eziphansi kakhulu zokuxazululwa endaweni lapho abantu bendawo bemshiye khona, cishe iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili nengxenye edlule.
Njalo ngonyaka, kule ndawo, kuqhutshwa umkhosi wemivubukulo, okubhekwa njengohlobo olukhulu kakhulu olufanayo, umcimbi ePoland. Qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela le ndawo, ungavila, ngoba kuyo yonke i-Europe ngeke uyithole futhi ngeke ubone noma yini enjalo. Indawo emangalisayo ngazo zonke izindlela!