I-Sofia, kunjalo, idolobha elihle. Inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria kanti elinye lamadolobha amadala eYurophu ligcwele izinto ezihehayo zomlando. Yini futhi:
IBanya-Bashi-Mosque
Kucatshangwa ukuthi le mosque yakhiwa maphakathi nekhulu le-16. Ngasikhathi sinye, lena ukuphela kwethempeli lamaSulumane elisebenzayo eSofia. Ukwakhiwa kwe-quadrangulalar kwezitini ezibomvu nge-dome enkulu ne-minaret ephezulu kuyisampuli enhle kakhulu yokwakheka kwaleso sikhathi. Izindonga zehholo lomkhuleko, ama-arches namakholomu zenziwe ngamatshe, i-dome enkulu ihlanganiswa namapuleti ka-tin. Izinguquko eziningi ze-mosque ezitholwe kuma-20s wekhulu le-xx, nokwakhiwa kabusha kwaxhasa inxusa laseTurkey liye eSofia. Cishe abantu abangu-1,200 bangalingana nama-mosque. Kukhona ama-mosque enkabeni yedolobha, esiteshini sasemanzini esiseduze - Sserdica.
I-Buyuk-mosque (iminyuziyamu yemivubukulo)
Ithempeli elinezinyawo eziyisishiyagalolunye, ezakhiwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-15 emanxiweni esiNhlangano esidala sobuKristu, kwakuyisiphephelo sezinto ezahlukahlukene. Isibhedlela kanye nomtapo wezincwadi, kanye nendlu yokunyathelisa kwakukhona lapha. Isakhiwo esihle, esithathwe yi-Ivy, namuhla yimnyuziyamu wakudala kakhulu wezwe. Wasungulwa ngo-1879. Amaqoqo we-Museum ahlaba umxhwele - imibukiso engaphezu kuka-55,000 akuwona amahlaya. Futhi lapha ungabheka iqoqo elikhulu lezinhlamvu zemali (eBulgaria doli, hhayi wonke umhlaba). Esitezi sokuqala semnyuziyamu - iqoqo lezinto zamaRoma, ama-Thramacian, amaGrikhi kanye nezikhathi zeByzantine. Isibonelo, lapha ungabona i-mosaic yobuKristu bokuqala esontweni laseSanta uSophia, izingcezu zeSarcophagus amaRoma neGreek, amatshe amaStomu amakhulu ama-III-IV. Kukhona okuthile "kwe-wolchitruseskoe ingcebo" - Imikhumbi eyi-13 yama-Thramacian amakhilogremu ayi-12,5. Ngokunokwenzeka, babesetshenziselwa amasiko. Izinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu, zazibekwa ngisho nasendlini ehlukile. Kunesithombe sika-Apollo kusuka ku-Bronze, embozwe nge-hop. Kuliqiniso, ngaphandle kwengxenye yomlenze nezandla. Kepha kusahlaba umxhwele. Enye into ethokozisayo ikhophi lesithombe se-madwar Rider (isithombe sokuqala siqoshwe edwaleni eduze kwedolobha laseMadara, aliphumelelanga :) esitezi seNeolithic: izitsha ezivela ebumbaneni, Izikhali, izitsha nokunye. Kukhona negumbi elinezithonjana nezingxenye ze-frescoes amadala.
Ikheli: Ul. U-EDbon 2.
Cathedral Alexander Nevsky (AlexandronSkaya Lavra)
Ithempeli lakhiwa ngo-1882 - 1912 kumaphrojekthi ozakhi lwaseRussia ukuhlonipha amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamasosha aseRussia ashonile empini yango-1878, asiza iBulgaria ukuba alahle imijondolo ebuswayo yaseTurkey. Isonto lesonto elikhulu kunawo wonke ama-Orthodox eBalkan naseCathedral enkulu kunazo zonke yaseBulgaria, indawo yayo - amamitha-skwele angama-2600. m., Ukuphakama - 52 m. I-Bell Tower of Cathedral ifakwe umqhele wezinsimbi eziyi-12 ezinamakhaza, amakhulu kunawo wonke anesisindo esingu-11,758 kg. Leli yithempeli elinezinyawo ezinhlanu, elihlotshiswe ngokucebile nge-mosaic, ingilazi enamabala kanye ne-frescoes. I-altare eliphakathi linikezelwe eSanta Alexander Nevsky, i-altare eliseningizimu - uSt. Boris, owaletha ubuKristu eBulgaria, naseNyakatho - labo abadale iKirillic. Ngaphansi kweCathedral kukhona umgodi lapho i-Icon Museum itholakala khona, lapho ungavuma khona ukuqoqwa kwezithonjana ezingama-300 kanye neFrescoes evela ezweni lonke.
Ikheli: Pl. U-Alexander Nevsky (Metro St. Clement Ohridski)
Ukungena: Cishe ama-7 ama-dollar (10 lv)
Isheduli: I-Cathedral - nsuku zonke 07:00 - 18:00. Imnyuziyamu - 10:30 - 18:30, ngaphandle koLwesibili.
ISonto LaseSt. Sophia (Sofia Light)
Leli yisonto lama-Orthodox elibhekene nethempeli lika-Alexander Nevsky. Wakhiwa ngekhulu le-VI emanxiweni amasonto amadala. Isakhiwo ngesimo sesiphambano, nge-dome enkulu. Isitezi sokuqala sobuKristu saseMose. Ekhulu le-XVI, ithempeli laba yi-mosque, ama-minarets ama-2 anezelwa esakhiweni. Ekota yokuqala yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwenzeka, okuchithe ama-minarets. Futhi esikhathini esithile kamuva, uSofia oNgcwele waba iSonto lama-Orthodox.
Ikheli: Pl. U-Alexander Nevsky
Isonto laseSt. George (Sveti Georgi)
Isonto lakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwe-III - Iminyaka Yasekuqaleni IV. Kukholakala ukuthi leli yisonto lasendulo kakhulu laseSofia. Kusukela ngekhulu le-16 kuya ku-1878, isonto laliyi-mosque. Ngaphakathi, umhlobiso muhle kakhulu. Inani eliphambili yi-frescoes ye-VI - amakhulu eminyaka. Ithempeli lisasebenza.
Ikheli: I-Boulevard Prince Donokov, 2 (Metro Angry)
Umnyuziyamu we-National Historical
Ukuqoqwa kwalomnyuziyamu kungaphezu kwemibukiso engaphezu kuka-650,000, futhi babizelwa ukujwayela izivakashi zabo ngomlando weBulgaria kusukela ezikhathini zakudala. Imnyuziyamu inezingxenye ezintathu ezinikelwe ku-Archaeology, umlando kanye ne-ethnography. Ngicabanga ukuthi akufanele ulubhale lokho ongakubona. Imnyuziyamu yasungulwa emakhulwini eminyaka angama-73.
Ikheli: Ul. IVitoshko Lale, 16
Isheduli: NgoNovemba-Mashi 9:00 - 17:30, Ephreli - Okthoba 9:30 - 18:00 Zonke izinsuku
Lviv iningi.
Funa leli bhuloho enyakatho yedolobha laseCity. Uma ulandela isiteshi sesitimela esimaphakathi. Isebenza emfuleni iVlayykaya. Ibhuloho lakhiwa ekugcineni kwekhulu le-19 esikhundleni sebhuloho elidala. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi yini ebizwa ngokuthi yibhuloho ukuze igadwe yizicucu ezine ze-lviv kusuka zethusi. Zonke izindleko zokwakheka zibiza kakhulu, kepha manje kungenye yezimpawu zikaSofia. By the way, elinye lalawa ma-LVIV lalikhonjiswa emcimbini we-buvs angama-20 ukusuka ngo-1999 kuya ku-2007. Yebo, ngicabanga ukuthi awukuphutheli leli bhuloho, ukuhlola isikhungo sedolobha.
Ithuna lenkosana Alexander I Bateberg
U-Alexander I Bateberg ungowokuqala ngemuva kokuwa koMbuso Wase-Ottoman, umbusi waseBulgaria. Ithuna lakhe lisenkabeni yedolobha. Ngaphambi kwalapho, izinsalela zombusi zaziseCathedral of St George (kuze kube yiminyaka engama-87 yekhulu leminyaka edlule). ITomst ukwakha okuthokozisayo okuphezulu kwamamitha ayi-11 ngesimo seminyaka yakudala. U-Alexander Sarcofan wenziwe ngemabula.
Ingadi yodokotela
Ipaki encane maphakathi nendawo laseSofia libizwa, ngoba kunesikhumbuzo sabasebenzi bezokwelapha, abaseMpi yaseRussia - baseTurkey bashonile, basindisa abantu. Lesi sikhumbuzo esivela eGranite naseSandtone enkabeni yepaki sabekwa lapha ngo-1884. Uma ubheka njengesikhumbuzo kwiphiramidi lapho kubhalwa khona amagama odokotela abangama-531. Isisekelo sephiramidi sihlotshiswe ngemichilo yethusi. Abamele isiphambano esibomvu seBulgaria sihlonipha inkumbulo yozakwabo ngoMashi 3 njalo ngonyaka kuleli paki. Futhi epaki kukhona i-lapidarium - Ukuchazwa kwamasampula asendulo encwadi emapuleti amatshe. Mncane, kepha uyamangaza kakhulu. Futhi epaki kuyingxenye yezakhiwo zasendulo namaBalkan. Isibonelo, ukuhlobisa ithempeli lamakhulu amabili eminyaka - kwatholakala ngaphansi kweGaribaldi Square enkabeni yeSofia.