Ukubuka kweBulgaria

Anonim

IBulgaria ayilona izwe elinezindawo ezihluke kakhulu, kepha futhi ngobuhle bemvelo obumangalisa, umlando namasiko alo mhlaba empeleni kuya ekujuleni kweminyaka, futhi okuhehayo kwayo kungamangaza noma yimuphi umvakashi onobuhlakani obukhulu kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, kukhona zonke iziqongo zentaba - kanye namapaki amahle ezintabeni ezinezilwane zasendle ezihlala kuzo, namabhishi anesihlabathi, anwebe ogwini lolwandle olumnyama, kanye nenani elikhulu lezinhlelo zeSoviet. Ngakho-ke kuleli lizwe elihle elimangalisayo, ngokwesimiso, wonke umuntu uzokwazi ukuthola okuthile okuthandayo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona okuhehayo okufana, weqa okuthethelwa nje.

Enye yazo itholakala ngqo enkabeni yenhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria edolobheni laseSofia futhi ibhekwa njengophawu lwesonto lalesi simo - leli yisonto lesonto lase-Alexander Nevsky. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwenzeka phakathi kuka-1882 no-1912, futhi nesonto lesonto lesonto lakhiwa ukuhlonipha inkumbulo yamasosha acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili ashonile ngesikhathi kukhululwa iBulcia kusuka ejokeni laseTurkey. I-cathedral yinhle nge-dome yayo engamamitha angama-45, ingaphakathi layo elingaphakathi liyancishiswa ngenani elikhulu lezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-mosaics eziyinkimbinkimbi, izithombe zabangcwele nezingelosi, kanye nama-frescoes amaningi. Ukulengiswa okuphansi kakhulu kusuka ophahleni olukhulu ophahleni ama-chandeliers, kanye ne-altare elikhulu lezinkuni kanye namabhentshi ngaphakathi kwesonto lesonto kuhlotshiswe ngezinto ezinamakhono.

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Ngokoqobo eduze kwedolobhana laseCrushun, elitholakala ehlathini elixakile phakathi kwezindlela eziningi ze-karst, kukhona ukuphakama kwamanzi kwe-crochki amamitha angamashumi amabili. Iwela ekuphakameni nasekuhlukaniseni ama-cascades kanye nezimpophoma ezincane, ngenkathi kumiswa amachibi amancane. Zonke izivakashi zilula kakhulu ukufika empophomeni futhi zingazihlola ngokuphephile indawo okuzungezile, lapho amabhuloho amaningi nezitebhisi zihlomele. Ku-track ekhethekile, ungaya emhumeni ocashile, lapho umthombo we-waterfall ngokwawo empeleni etholakala khona. Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi lo mhume unezakhiwo zokuphulukisa, futhi amanzi ngokwawo athandwa kakhulu yizakhamizi zasemizaneni eseduze.

Kuyadingeka futhi ukuvakashela iDolobha laseKopprovschtitsa, hlangana neBulgaria edlule bese ujikeleza emigwaqweni yayo endala edala edlula ezakhiweni ezimibalabala kanye nemifudlana eminingi. Lapha uzongena ekuhambeni okuhle kweBulgaria esedlule, ngoba leli dolobha elingokomlando litholakala enhliziyweni yebanga lentaba. Ezikhathini ezedlule, kwakuyisikhungo sokulwa nokubuswa kwe-Ottoman eBulgaria, futhi abantu bendawo basaziqhenya ngabo. Abavakashi bathanda le ndawo kakhulu, futhi empeleni imele imnyuziyamu evulekile. Yebo, amakhaya akhe kanye nezindlu eziningi zingezwa izibonelo ezinhle zeNational Bulgaria Renaissance, eyenzeka ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye.

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I-Mount Vitosha idume kakhulu endaweni yaseBulgaria ezungeze inhloko-dolobha yezwe futhi inefomu le-dome ye-Classic. Imvamisa, abantu bedolobha beza lapha kaningi besuka edolobheni futhi bajabulele imvelo, i-ski resort nayo isebenza lapha futhi kufakwa izindlela zokuhamba. Ngamaphuzu amaningi entanethi, ukubukwa okuhle kwephaneli kwedolobha kuyavulwa, okutholakala ngezansi. Thola lapha kalula - ungashayela ngebhasi, ungahamba ngezinyawo, futhi ungagibela emotweni yekhebula. Iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu lentaba yi-vertex yalo ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2290. Abavakashi beza lapha cishe unyaka wonke, ngoba nansi iVitosh Natural Park, ebhekwa njengendala eBalkan, ngaphandle kwalokho, ihlanganisa iningi lentaba. Futhi ezintabeni kukhona iziphethu zamaminerali.

Ngo-1982, abavubukuli ngesikhathi somsebenzi wabo bathola ukungalindele kwathola ithuna laseFefrician eCochtars. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kwakhiwa ngekhulu lesithathu BC enkathini yethu yomndeni wasebukhosini wesizwe sakwaGoethe. Naphezu kobudala obukhulu kangaka, ithuna aligcinwe kahle ngaphakathi futhi manje ungabona intambo emangalisayo kanye nemidwebo, kanye nezinombolo ezingajwayelekile ezisekela uphahla. Le ndawo iyamangalisa futhi ihlukile, ngoba akukho ndawo lapho kungekho khona indawo emhlabeni asizange itholakele ngamathuna kaTracian, lapho kuzoba khona amabala ahlanganiswe kahle, ukwakhiwa okumangalisayo nemidwebo.

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Inqaba yenkosazana nayo ibhekwa njengophawu lwangempela lokuphakama kokugcina kweBulgaria. Usendaweni kuphela lapho ezazihlala khona - eminyakeni engamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili edlule kwaba nesigodlo samakhosi aphakathi. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho idolobha laseTarnolovo lalithathwa njengenhloko-dolobha yezwe. Ngakho-ke, izivakashi ziyakujabulela ukuhlola amanxiwa asendulo enqaba futhi kanye nezinsalela zezindlu ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amane, kanye namasonto amaningi. Lokhu okukhona okubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikelweni ohlelweni lwamasu kwatholakala ngokuqondile endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-206 avela ezingeni lolwandle, kwathi iminyaka emakhulu avikela umbuso weBulgaria ekuhlaselweni. Ungafika kuphela enqabeni ngezinyawo, kuyilapho kuzodingeka ukukhwela imithambeka emile. Kepha enqaba, ungazulazula ngokukhululeka ngokuphelele nangokugibela ezindongeni ezindala.

Akukho lutho olungaphansi komuzi wasendulo noPlovdiv, ngoba liphakathi kwalo futhi lisendaweni ethile yasendulo elondolozwe kahle kunazo zonke. Lesi sakhiwo esingekhulu lokuqala le-Era yethu savulwa lapha kumashumi ayisithupha ekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi inyathi yaseshashalazini yaseRoma yakhiwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kwalo umbusi njengoDiocletian futhi wadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emiphakathini yasendulo. Ukulwa kwama-gladiators, isethulo sezemidlalo namaqoqo amakhulu agcinwe lapha. Kulezi zinsuku, inkundla yaseshashalazini nayo iyasebenza futhi ikwazi ukuhlalisa abantu abangaba ngu-7,000 ngasikhathi sinye. Imvamisa kunabantu abaculi nabaculi be-Opera. Ngakho-ke umfelokazi ehamba emigwaqweni endala evuthayo yedolobha, ekhuphuka egqumeni futhi uzongena enkundleni yemidlalo yasendulo, futhi ungahlala ngokuphepha ulalele ukuthula, futhi ujabulele ukwakhiwa okuhle.

Ipaki yezwe lasePirin nayo ibhekwa njengesizinda sikazwelonke seBulgaria. Bangaphezu kuka-70 amachibi amachibi aseGlacier atholakala endaweni yawo, iziqongo eziphakeme zezintaba, ama-ridges namahlathi amadala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele ukhohlwe ukuthi ipaki iyindawo yokuhlala yangempela yezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zezilwane. Imithambeka yentaba izulazula izingulube, amabhere ansundu, izimpungushe nezimpisi. Ngakho-ke, uma kungenzeka, kufanelekile ukuvakashelwa kwalesi simo esihle kakhulu semvelo, ukuhambahamba ngezindlela eziningi, ukugibela ibhayisekili ku-alpine meadows, noma ukudoba eduze kwezimpophoma. Uma ufuna ukujabulela ubuhle bepaki, khona-ke ungahlala ebusuku ku-hut futhi ungakhohlwa ukubheka iposi edumile, eyayingaba cishe iminyaka eyi-1350.

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Idolobha laseBulgaria elimangalisayo leNessebar iminyaka engama-9000 liyaqhubeka liheha izivakashi zalo. Idolobhana elidala laseNessebar litholakala edwalenina peninsula, exhuma nezwe elisebenzisa i-MAIPT esebenzisa idamu. Lokhu empeleni kuyinto emnyuziyamu ovulekile ovulekile onezigcawu ezinhle, amadolobhana ahlanganisiwe namasonto asendulo. Wonke umlando womuzi, kanye nezikhumbuzo zakhe, uxhumeke ngokungalingani nama-Roman noByzantine Epoch. Futhi lapha ungabona izinsalela zezindonga zasendulo zasemadolobheni. Bonke abavakashi bahlola ngenjabulo izindlu zendabuko zokhuni, ezakhiwe emadwaleni ahlala isikhathi eside, ebhulohweni phakathi nedolobha elisha nelidala, kanye namasonto alo amangalisayo nama-chapel.

Futhi, kufanelekile ukuvakashelwa eBulgaria Isigodlo esidumile saseRila, esiphakathi kwezintaba zaseRila. Kwasungulwa ngekhulu leshumi futhi kuyisikhumbuzo esibalulekile esibalulekile nesiko elinezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha. Imvamisa kubizwa nangokuthi i-Bulgaria Jerusalem. Ngaphakathi kwesigodlo sezindela uzobona isithonjana senkolo, izibalo ezibaziweyo, imidwebo yodonga kanye nobuciko bomlando. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesi sezindela zasendulo sisasebenza futhi ezakhiweni zawo ezihlotshiswe ngokucebile zisebenza futhi zihlala cishe izindela ezingama-60.

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