ISt. Peter Cathedral eRoma nasendaweni enkulu eduze kwakhe izungezwe amakholomu, ibhekwa njengesikhungo senkolo seVatican. Lesi sakhiwo esifanayo seKhathedrali evulekile sakhiwa ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa ngaphansi kobuholi nokuzibandakanya kwalezo zinhlangano ezinkulu zemvuselelo eziphakeme nezitayela ze-baroque, njenge-Berini, uMichelangelo, uBrampte noRaphael. Kusukela kuleso sikhathi nakulesi sikhathi, leli Cathedral empeleni lisekuningi, mhlawumbe, ithempeli elibalulekile lamaKatolika kuwo wonke umhlaba. Njalo ngonyaka, izigidi zamalungu amakholwa eza lapha ezinkonzweni, ezibambe ngokwakhe uPaple.
Uma ukholelwa kwincwadi yeziKronike zobuKristu, ke ngaleso sikhathi kusukela ngo-64 kuye ku-67 wesikhathi sethu saseRoma, elinye labaphostoli lakwaKristu, kuphela i-altare lokuqala le-basilica yokuqala yoqobo eyakhiwa ngaphezulu kwakhe ithuna. I-Basilica, eyakhiwe ekuqaleni kombusi uKonstantine, wethulwa ngamandla, yize athola kabusha ukwakhiwa kabusha okuningana. Futhi vele ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha ePontiff of Yulia II, kwathathwa isinqumo sokubuyisela leli thempeli lasendulo lobuKristu. Ngomqondo womakhi wokuqala wesonto lesonto lesonto, i-basililist ebuyekeziwe yayimele isiphambano esikhulu nge-dome enabantu abaningi.
Ukwakhiwa kwalesonto lesonto kugcizelele amaqiniso amangalisa kakhulu futhi angajwayelekile - ngesikhathi somsebenzi ngephrojekthi yakhe iminyaka eyisithupha, amakhosi amathathu amakhulu afa ngasikhathi sinye. Wamisa ukwakhiwa kukaDonato Bramante, uRafael Santi waqhubeka naye. UMichelangelo wenza ekwakhiweni kwesonto lesonto, futhi yonke imisebenzi yaphela nge-Architect Bernini.
Lapho kuphela uya eCathedral, khona-ke masinyane ukumangazwa yindawo yakhe yangaphakathi ehlaba umxhwele, ihlukaniswe phakathi kwama-Nefs amathathu. E-arch yokugcina ye-NAFA ephakathi nendawo, kunesifanekiso esiyisimangaliso seSt. Peter, aphonswe ngethusi, futhi yikhona ama-Pilgrims okuqala aphuthunyiswe kuye.
Izici eziningi zomhlobiso wangaphakathi kanye nomhlobiso wesonto lesonto adalwe ngokubamba iqhaza kukaJan Lorenzo Bernini, ongumholo weminyaka engamashumi amahlanu yempilo yakhe yokudala ethelelekile emhlobisweni wesonto. Kwakungabadalwa ukuthi badale ubuciko obunjengobungcweti be-Roman Centugion Longogion, i-canopy ebanzi phezu kwe-altare lethempeli, ngokuya ngezinsika ezine ezibunjiwe, kanye nezithombe ze Abangcwele abaningi.
Isikhala esiphakathi esontweni lesonto lilinganiselwe ezinsikeni ezine, empeleni ezisekelwa yi-dome. Le ngxenye yonke yesonto lesonto yaqala ngokuya ngemibono kaMichelangelo. Yebo, i-dome yesonto leSt. Peter elonke ingumsebenzi omkhulu wobuciko, kanye nomfanekiso wale dome emakhulwini eminyaka amaningi, kodwa futhi nomunye wabalingiswa abajwayelekile kakhulu.
Isigubhu esiphakeme se-dome sadalwa ukuze siqinisekise ukuqina kwako konke lokhu kwakhiwa okukhulu. Phezulu kwe-dome ungabona amawindi ayishumi nesithupha ahlukaniswe yikholomu kanye nobumbano obuyishumi nesithupha. Ukusuka ngaphakathi kwe-dome ukuhlobisa imidwebo kaMose ye-Giovanni de Eyes. Ngokuvamile, i-arch yaqaliswa ngokuya ngemidwebo kaMichelangelo - njengoba bekuhloswe ngayo, uyisikhala, uhlotshiswe ngomhlobiso we-ceson.
Ngo-1939, ngokuhleleka kwesinqumo umashiqela uBenito Mussolini, kwenziwa ebuvubukulini ngaphansi kocansi lwesonto lesonto. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi lapho kwakutholakala i-necropolis yasendulo lapho, ngomunye wokungcwatshwa kuwo ngokusobala waba nesimo esikhethekile. Ngemuva kwalokho waphakamisa incwadi yeziKronike zomlando futhi wathola ukuthi leli thuna limphostoli uPhetro. Mayelana nobaba uPaul VI umemezele ngo-1968.
Ngemuva kokuthi iCathedral ekugcineni yasungulwa ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha, kwaba nesidingo sokwenza isikwele esihle phambi kwakhe, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi wayengunxande ohlelwe kabi. Ngaphezulu kokudalwa kwesikwele sikaSt. UJohn Lorenzo Bernini wasebenza iminyaka eyishumi nanye.
Uma ubheka le ndawo ekubukweni kwamehlo ezinyoni, khona-ke uyabona ukuthi kubukeka sengathi kubalulekile njengenkinobho nge-avenees kanye nesonto, ngakho empeleni kwakubizwa ngokuthi "ukhiye weSt. Peter." I-Oval Square yakha isitsha semibukiso emibili enezinsika. Ngesikhathi sokugujwa kwamaholide amakhulu amaKatolika esigcawini, kuyahamba ama-puregrim ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amane.