Ithumbu lama (Dr.-Greek. IσΠ ρêcher) noma Ukulandisa kwenzekahlanqunEEMEMEN - Idolobha elikhulu lasendulo - umbuso wasendulo eGreece eningizimu yePepoponnese peninsula. Etholakala esigodini sase-Evrost. Kodwa-ke, igama le-lacedaemon elalihlale livela kumadokhumenti asemthethweni.
Kufanelekile ukuya sparta?
Uke wabuka i-movie "300 Spartans"? I-Feat yamakhulu amathathu e-Spartans empini namasosha asePheresiya ngesikhathi sama-Fermopils akuyona inganekwane yobuciko nhlobo.
Futhi yini oyaziyo nge-sparta enkulu yomlando edlule?
Mhlawumbe asikho isimo emhlabeni, kangaka alwa kulo lonke umlando wawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye eyinhloko yalezi zimpi yayiqhutshwa ezingxenyeni ezinegazi nezinye izifundazwe zePeninsula yasePyrenean (funda: izindawo zeGrisi yasendulo).
Ukuvela kweSparta njengoba umbuso ubhekisela e-XI Century BC.
Wonke umuntu wasesikoleni waziwa ngomgomo wokukhethwa kwabafana kumasosha esikhathi esizayo se-SPARTA, lapho izingane ezinciphile zilahlwa emadwaleni. Ubulungiswa balo mbono abufakazelwanga, kepha futhi akabaphikiswa ngokuphelele. Zonke izingane eSparta zazithathwa njengobunikazi boMbuso, ekhanda lohlelo lwezemfundo kwakumi umsebenzi wokukhula ngokomzimba kwamaqhawe.
Imfundo enzima ngokususelwa kwisiyalo esiqinile manje seyibizwa ngokuthi iSpartan.
Iqiniso langempela ukuthi ngemuva kokunqoba empini elukhuni ngo-660 BC. USparta waphoqa ukuthi aqaphele umgomo wakhe enhlonhlo. Futhi kusukela lapho Kuyi-SPARTA ebhekwa njengesimo sokuqala seGrisi!
Kepha, njengoba besho, hhayi izimpi ezifanayo ...
I-Sparta yasendulo ngasikhathi sinye yayiyisampula yesimo se-aristocracy. Kuyo, abaseSpartians (ama-Dorians) bamele indawo evelele, eyazama ukunqanda ukuthuthukiswa kwempahla yangasese. UPerieki wayeyizakhamizi zamahhala, kepha ngasikhathi sinye angenamandla okuzepolitiki, futhi u-Iloti empeleni waphatha isigaba sezigqila zoMbuso.
Isimo sesimo seSparta yasendulo sasisuselwa emgomweni wobumbano phakathi kwezakhamizi ezilinganayo. Ngoba konke kwakukhona ukulawulwa okucacile kwempilo nokuphila. Okwakusho ukuthi abantu baseSparti (bafundwe - amaqhawe) babephoqelekile ukuba bahlanganyele kuphela ngezindaba zezempi nemidlalo. Imisebenzi ye-ILotov nePeriek bekuyingxenye yezolimo, ama-handicraft kanye nokuhweba. Izisekelo zalolu hlelo lukahulumeni zabeka inkosi iLiverg, evumele kusuka ku-SPARTA kwi-IX Century BC. Dala amandla empi anamandla.
Kuyathakazelisa. USparta wayehlala ebusa amakhosi amabili ngasikhathi sinye (kusuka ku-Agadov Dronusty kanye ne-Eurgristid Dynasty). Uma kwaqala impi, enye yamakhosi yahamba izintaba, kwahlala khona owesibili eSparta.
Njengoba isimo se-SPARTA sayeka ukuba khona ku-146 BC. Lapho-ke yonke iGrisi iphenduka ngaphansi kwamandla eRoma. Ngokukhumbula inkazimulo yangaphambili yase-Athene ne-SPARTA, ilungelo lokuzibusa linikezwe.
Noma kunjalo, wonke umuntu ofunde umlando wasendulo uyazi ngeSparta. Labo abangafundanga umlando wasendulo esikoleni, basazwa ngeSparta - ngokweqiniso babuka ifilimu edumile yaseHollywood mayelana ne-Spartan Warriors. Akunakwenzeka ukuwela ukubaluleka kwalo muzi wasendulo emlandweni womhlaba ...
Kulezi zinsuku Sparta yidolobha lase-resort. Futhi esiqongweni sesikhathi sabavakashi, izivakashi zithatha ngenjabulo izivakashi. Indawo ezungezile lapha yinhle kakhulu, imvelo emangalisa, ikakhulukazi umgwaqo omuhle oholela eKalamat. Uma ufuna ukuya oLwandle iMedithera usuka eSparta, nakanjani uzokwazi ukujabulela ukubukwa kusuka efasiteleni.
Lo muzi uyikhadi lokuvakasha lePeninsulani yonke yePeloponnese. Okokuqala, sibonga indima edlalwe yi-SPARTA emlandweni wayo yonke iGrisi emakhulu eminyaka.
E-SPARTA yanamuhla, azikho iminonjana ngobukhulu besikhathi sangaphambili. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XIX, leli dolobha lacishe lakhiwa kabusha. Ngakho-ke, ubuningi bokubona okungokomlando kwe-sparta akulona iphampu. Ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa ukubheka izinto eziphambili zamasiko, ngemuva kwalokho kuzofanela kutadishele indawo ezungezile.
Empeleni, eduze kwedolobha, abahambi bazokwazi ukuvakashela ukukhangana okuyinhloko. - - Amanxiwa aseSparta asendulo . Leyo sparta uqobo, okulotshwe emlandweni nasezingenisi, zamaphoyisa asendulo ePepoponnese peninsula, isimo sokuqala samaGrikhi.
Kodwa-ke, eSparta uqobo kukhona okuhehayo okuhlukile, ukubheka ukuthi yiziphi izivakashi eziningi eza. Le yidwala impela lapho ama-spartans ngesikhathi sawo alahlwa khona izingane. Okungenani ngakho-ke kubhekwa.
I-Sparta yanamuhla ayisaseyona idolobha lezempi, inkazimulo yayo selidlulile. Manje kungenye yezindawo ezinkulu zokuhweba nezinduna zezepolitiki zesimo sesiGreek.
Ukubaluleka okukhulu kwe-SPARTA kwezolimo. Esikhathini esiningi, inani labantu bendawo libandakanyeka ekutshalweni kwama-citrus neminqumo (izinhlobonhlobo ze-calamaty (izinhlobonhlobo ze-calamaty zaziwa kakhulu iGreece).
USparta udume ngesimo sezulu esifudumele saseMedithera , Kunezinsuku eziningi zelanga lapha. Kepha kufanelekile ukungamangali ukuthi ehlobo kushisa okungenangqondo, ikholomu ye-thermometer ingafinyelela umaki + 35 ... 38 ° C. Akunandaba ukuthi ngokunengqondo kangakanani, ukucabanga ngokude nokuvuselelwa olwandle, i-sparta ithandwa phakathi kwezivakashi njengendawo yokuhlala yasolwandle.
Kepha lapha, cishe leli cala ePoponnese lilonke. Le peninsula eSouthern Greece inamabhishi anesihlabathi esihle kakhulu namanzi ahlanzekile olwandle. Ikhanga kakhulu amabhishi amaholide eMessina naseLaconi Bay. Lawa mabhishi mancane futhi athokomele kakhulu. Lapha awukwazi nje kuphela njengophawu lokukhanya kwelanga ngaphansi kwelanga, kodwa ukwenza umoya futhi "uhambe" ngaphansi komkhumbi. Abathandi bokuzijabulisa kwendabuko okusebenzayo futhi ngeke baphinde babe nesithukuthezi - abavakashi bazokwazi ukugibela ama-scooters amanzi, ama-catararans, ukushushuluza amanzi, ipharashute, njalonjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-SPARTA isithakazelo esithile kubagibeli: ukukhuphuka inani eliphakeme le-megali Turla noma inani eliphakeme lomprofethi u-Ilya liwumnikelo olingelo.
I-SPARTA ihluke kahle emadolobheni amakhulu aseGreece amaningi ngezakhiwo ezindala ezigciniwe, izigcawu ezinkulu, imigwaqo emihle namapaki aphezulu. Noma, ngithini? Konke lokhu kubonisa amadolobha amaningi amaGrikhi. Kepha i-sparta isezinhlobo ezithile ezikhethekile. Angazi nokwazi ngempela ukuthi ngichaze.
Futhi manje uzama ukuphendula lo mbuzo: "Kuyafaneleka ukuya eSparta"? Ngokubona kwami, kufanelekile!