Ithandwa kakhulu eKrakow Ukuvakasha kwePlanman . Kuqala kusuka enqabeni ye-wawel. Ekuhambeni kohambo, uzoziqhayisa ngedolobhana elidala, uhambe ngaso sonke isikhathi eceleni kwezindawo namapaki, vakashela iJagiellon University yasendulo, lapho uzothola izikhumbuzo ezahlukene. Uhambo oluzophela endaweni efanayo lapho lwaqala khona - eduze nenqaba yokwelulwa.
Ngabe ufuna indawo engcono kakhulu eKrakow ukuze uhambe ngezinyawo ezihamba ngezinyawo? Cabanga ngalokho okutholile. Igama lakhe ngamapuleti.
Amapuleti ayindandatho yepaki (awukwazi ukusho enye), idolobha elidala elihlangane. Ngamanye amagama, le yindandatho enkulu kangaka ngesimo sendandatho, etholakala ngokushesha ngaphezu kwezindonga zedolobha elidala. Kuqala, ipaki yaphulwa emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XIX ngemuva kokudilizwa kwezindonga zasemadolobheni. Kwabe sekutshalwa izihlahla zokuqala. Futhi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka, ipaki kungenzeka ukuthi "liziqhayise" izihlahla ezahlukahlukene ezingaphezu kuka-10,000!
Manje abatshali abayindawo ephelele yokuphumula futhi baphazamise i-diss, bahlale emabhentshini emthunzini wezihlahla, balalele ukuculwa kwezinyoni. Ukuhamba lapha, ungakhohlwa okuhehayo isikhashana.
Kepha uma sibheka abatshalishi njengohambo, khona-ke kufanele sibe nokulihleka. Leli yiholide elifanayo.
Endleleni yonke indlela kunezikhumbuzo eziningi kubantu abadumile, ikakhulukazi, uNikolai Copernicus.
Nakanjani uzobona i-University of Yagellonia. Uyisikhungo esidala kakhulu semfundo ephakeme ePoland kanye nomunye wakudala eYurophu. Ungalokothi ushintshe lapho uya khona kusuka eminyakeni ephakathi.
Ukwakhiwa kweNyuvesi kwaqala ngo-1364, kwadalwa iminyango eyi-11. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, inyuvesi imisiwe. Imisebenzi yezemfundo ngo-1400 iqale kabusha ngenxa yenkosi yasePoland Yagello, lapho kwakhiwa ezinye izakhiwo. Kuqala, inyuvesi yabizwa ngokuthi i-studium generale, ngemuva kwesikhashana - i-akademia krakowska (Krakow Academy). Ngithole igama lami lamanje ngekhulu le-XIX. Manje i-yaghell University inamakhono ayi-15.
Njengamanje, imnyuziyamu yeNyuvesi njengamanje ingenye yezakhiwo (Colleilgium Maus). Kodwa-ke, amahholo alo angaphambili kwesinye isikhathi asetshenziswa ekwenzeni imihlangano noma imikhosi ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuma-Interiors, amahholo angaphambili nemnyuziyamu akwazile ukulondolozela ukwakhiwa kokuqala futhi, okubalulekile, umhlobiso womlando.
Ukuhamba nabatshali abatshalishi, ngeke udlule ngeBarbakana nangombhoshongo weFlorian, lapho kwakukhona khona lapho kwakukhona khona isikhathi somuzi.
Ubude bendandatho yepaki bungamakhilomitha ama-4, futhi indawo yensimu yimahektha angama-20. Njengoba besho, yilapho okufanele uhambe khona. Kubatshalishi, bayakuthanda ukuchitha isikhathi sabo samahhala Krakovchan, ngoba ukuphumula ngokwemvelo, akudingekile ngisho nokushiya umkhawulo wedolobha.
Futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, leli paki elihle ngendlela yalo lihlukile: Entwasahlobo konke kuzoba kubi kakhulu kunemifino emincane, ehlobo kuhlale kupholile emthunzini wamahlamvu aphezulu ezihlahla eziphakeme, ekwindla kalayini we-lewlow Colie Colleise kufeza ubuhle obungenakuqhathaniswa, futhi ebusika indawo yeqhwa ngeke ishiye noma ngubani ongenandaba ...
Uhambo lokuya kwikota yamaJuda Kazimezh Futhi iqala kusuka enqabeni ye-wawel.
Unolwazi kakhulu, kepha udabukile ...
Ngakho-ke, ngokomlando kwenzeka ukuthi izigxobo namaJuda zazihlala zihlala eduze. Isibonelo esijwayelekile somakhelwane onjalo yidolobha lamaJuda laseKazimierzh, kuphela ngekhulu le-XIX kuphela elaliphelile ukuba likhona njengedolobha, libe yingxenye yeKrakow. Yebo, futhi isinagoge lapha lingaphezu kwamasonto amaKatolika.
EKazimage, izinkolo ezimbili ezahlukene zathula ngokuzithoba: ubuJuda nobuKristu. Mhlawumbe, kunoma yiliphi izwe lomhlaba, ngeke uhlangabezane nomuntu ongahlangene, njengokuhlangana kwemigwaqo yama-rebar mazels nomzimba weNkosi.
Ukubona okudume kakhulu okufanele uvakashele yibandla leNgcwele KaKatharina, eyakhiwe ngesitayela se-Gothic, nesonto elihle kakhulu nelikhulu lomzimba weNkosi. Isithombe esigciniwe esigciniwe sikaT. Klyabella "Whintshanisa uMagi".
UKazimierzh uyisikhungo esingokomoya samaJuda aseKrakow. Nansi maphakathi nesiko lamaJuda, kanye nama-Orthodox Synagoges, indawo yokuzivocavoca yamaJuda. Angiqiniseki ukuthi zonke lezi zikhungo zidinga ukuvakashela, kodwa ukuze zibheke ngqo ngaphandle. Yize kunconyelwa abaqondisi ukuhambela isinagogeni le-Rumu naseSinagogue Tempel ukuze babe nomqondo wemisebenzi yenkolo kanye nezimpilo zamaJuda aseKrakow. Usengaya emathuneni amaJuda amadala.
Wake waba senkonzweni yaseKazimier ngemuva kwedolobha elidala nenqaba yasebukhosini, eshaya ngokushesha lobuntu kanye nokuntuleka kobuntu. Lapha amaqembu asebukhosini awadlulanga, ngakho konke kungaphansi koyedwa. Futhi ngokuvamile, ikota ibukeka impunga kakhulu futhi "i-Overcast." Ezinye izakhiwo zibuyiselwa ngokukhethekile njengesikhumbuzo sezempi.
EKazimage, ingxenye enkulu yokuhlunga kwefilimu edumile Stephen Spielberg "Schildler uhlu" yenzeka. Iqiniso ngukuthi umlando wangempela wokusindiswa kwamaJuda acishe abe ngu-1,200 phakathi neminyaka yokuhlala kwamaNazi uhlobene ngqo noKrakow kanye nesifunda seKazimier. Lapha phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, kwahlelwa i-ghetto yamaJuda. Endaweni efanayo kwakukhona ifektri yokukhiqizwa kwezitsha zensimbi yomthengisi waseJalimane u-Oscar Schindler.
Ngemuva kokulungiswa nokwakhiwa kabusha ngo-2010, kuvulwe i-Schunder Factory Museum lapha. Phakathi kwemibukiso yemnyuziyamu kukhona ideskithophu ye-Schindler, izikhonzi zalesosikhathi, kanye nezithombe zabasebenzi abasindile. Kepha ukubuka ukwakheka komnyuziyamu wethemba akungezeli. Noma kunjalo, i-Schindler Factory, etholakala kuLipowa str., Ingenye yezindawo ezithandwa kakhulu izivakashi zaseKrakow.
Ngesikhathi sohambo uzovakashela indawo entsha (ibizwa nangokuthi i-Jewish Square), lapho kuzokwenzeka khona ukudla nokuthenga okuthile okufanele ngikukhumbule.
Uhambo oluzophela nge-hangover ngokuhamba okulandelayo nge-embankment enhle. Noma, uma ungafuni, awukwazi ukuya kuWaw, kepha uhlala endaweni yaseKazima. Awusoze wazi ukuthi uzokuphi.
Ithandwa kakhulu Uhambo olusuka eKrakow luya edolobhaneni . Kuhle cishe amakhilomitha ayi-15 ukusuka eKrakow. Kulapho lapho imayini enkulu kasawoti etholakala eYurophu. Kungamaphamithi amaningi emazingeni ahlukahlukene ane-lifreveres ephelele yamakhilomitha angaba ngu-200.
Imayini kaSawoti edolobhaneni luhlu lwendawo yamagugu e-UNESCO World Heritage.
Njengamanje, kwasungulwa izindlela ezimbalwa zabavakashi emayini kaSawoti. Abavakashi bakhombisa cishe amakhamera angama-20 (abizwa ngokuthi amahholo ayingqayizivele), amaqembu acwebezelayo avela kusawoti nama-chapel akhiwe emayini. Futhi ezinye izabelo zasolwandle ziguga kakhulu.
Amagama aza engqondweni ngemuva kokuvakashela imayini kasawoti - i-surrealism futhi eyingqayizivele!