I-Bydgoszcz iyidolobha elikhulu lasePoland.
Kanye ngoRodGoszcz kwakuyidolobhana elincanyana, elalinqoba ifindo lokuthenga elithuthukayo. Maphakathi nekhulu le-14, leli dolobhana lahlalwa ama-knights enkundla yetutonic, bese kuthi lapho kufika khona amaJuda aqala ukuya edolobheni. Ngekhulu le-15 nele-16, lalithengiswa ngenkuthalo okusanhlamvu, bese kuthi ngolunye usawoti, ngakho-ke idolobha laseRos futhi lathandwa kakhulu. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi iningi lobukhona babo be-Bydgoszc lalisaphansi kokubusa kwesimo saseJalimane.
I-Bydgoszcos ingabhekwa njengedolobha elikhulu kunalokho, abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-350 bahlala lapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi yisikhungo esithuthukisiwe sezomnotho sezwe. Namasiko nawo. Kune-opera ehlukile, imikhosi yomculo neyesineka. Futhi, ihholo lekhonsathi elidumile litholakala (i-Filharmonia Pomorska) kanye ne-Opera House.
Vakashela eBydgoszche ICathedral of Saints Martin naseNicholas (KatedA PW. SW. UMarcina I Mikolaja).
Leli yiSonto lamaKhatholika esitashini se-Gothic, esakhiwa kule ndawo ngekhulu le-15. Isikhumbuzo esibaluleke kakhulu sokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo. Isonto lakhiwa esizeni somunye umuntu wekhulu le-14. Lelo thempeli lashiswa ngesikhathi somlilo omubi, ukuze ukwakhiwa kwesonto elisha sekuqalile ngokushesha. Isonto lanqunywa ukuba senze okuningi, i-altare landa landa ngamamitha amabili. Kuliqiniso, imali eyenzelwe ukwakhiwa yayinganele, futhi, njengoba abantu bendawo bengazange benze imali, basamisa ukwakhiwa ngesinye isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuza kwamandla eMeya entsha, indoda ecebile kunazo zonke ezweni, ngendlela, isimo esesimpandeni sashintsha, ngakho isonto laligcwalisiwe, futhi benza okungaphezu kwalokho ababekufuna. Ngokuvamile, isonto lakhiwa ngo-1466. Ngemuva kwalokho wayakhiwa kabusha ngekhulu le-16, engeza i-chapel waphakamisa ophahleni.
Kuliqiniso, khona-ke umlilo "wahlasela" futhi esontweni, kwakhiwa kabusha amabuya kwakhiwa, kepha wawela. Wabe esebheka nakancane. Esikhathini seWarsaw Duchy ekuqaleni komhlaka 19 Greek, amaFrance namaRussia asebenzisa isonto ngezinjongo zempi. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, iPrussia yabuyisa ukulungiswa kwebandla, futhi kwangcweliswa, okusha, nokho, ngaphandle kwe-chapel, kepha ngama-altare amadala amathathu amadala. Kamuva, izindonga zazihlotshiswe ngemidwebo, amafasitela ezingilazi anamafa amafasitela. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni kuka-1945, isonto laphinde lawa "ngaphansi kokusatshalaliswa" - waxoshwa, ophahleni lwalinyazwa, amafasitela angenaginye amafasitela agqamile. Amanzi angena ophahleni lwe-Holey, ngaphakathi kwefenisha nezinto zakwa-decor zaqala ukudansa nokuwohloka. Kepha noma kunjalo, isonto lidlula ngandlela thile kuzo zonke lezi zingqinamba ezingenakufinyeleleka, zisindile futhi namuhla zihlangabezana namalungu esonto. Uhalaliswe ngesikhumbuzo sika-500 sebandla noPapa John Paul II, uthumela incwadi ekhethekile eBydgoszcz.
Isonto, ngendlela, lihlaba umxhwele kakhulu eduze kwamafasitela afanayo noju lwezinyosi, athethelele ukuqhathanisa. Isonto lenziwa ngesitini esibomvu, uphahla lumbozwe ngamathayili abomvu, ama-arches apeyintiwe emhlophe. Livumelana kakhulu nemvelo. Ngaphakathi, isonto lipiss ngopende kanye nokunethezeka: I-Break Blue Oulted Couilings, amakholomu amnyama, izindonga eziluhlaza okotshani, izindonga eziluhlaza okotshani, yonke indawo ebomvu yegolide nokuhlobisa. Ubuhle futhi kuphela!
Ikheli: Farna 2
Imnyuziyamu yesifunda. Leona Okregowe (Muzeum Okregowe im. Leona Wyczolkowskiego))
Lo mnyuziyamu wesifunda ubelokhu esebenza kusukela ngo-1923. Umnyuziyamu uhola umlando wawo kusukela lapho umphakathi we-City Historical waqala ukuqoqa ama-artifact kanye nemivubukulo. Kwakungo-1980s ekhulu le-19. Lapho abaphathi basePoland befika eBydgoszcz ngo-1920, uMnyuziyamu wanquma ukuvula. Kwakukhona isakhiwo esivela ohlangothini olusentshonalanga emakethe yakudala. Umqondisi wakhetha umpristi wendawo. Ekuqaleni iqoqo elikhulu kunawo wonke lemnyuziyamu kwakungubuciko. Wayekhulu impela - cishe imibukiso eyi-1000! Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, kwangezwa ubuciko bePoland emnyuziyamu ngemidwebo engu-195 kanye nezithombe ezingama-28. Ngonyaka wama-37, imnyuziyamu yathola izithombe zomculi wendawo uLeon Evilkovsky, owashona. Kwakukhona imidwebo eminingi, izingcezu ezingaba ngu-400, nokuqoshwa kwayo nemidwebo yanikelwa emnyuziyamu, kanye nezinto ezithile ezikhumbulekayo. Kungakho umnyuziyamu wanqunywa ukumbiza igama. Ukuze ulondoloze iqoqo eminyakeni enesihluku sempi yezwe yesibili, imibukiso yathunyelwa ezihlahleni ezingomakhelwane, kanti ingxenye yayiselahlekile noma igcinwe. Amakhabethe angama-58 anezinto zobuciko namabhokisi amaningana anezinhlamvu zemali avele anyamalala. Izinto zibuyele endaweni yakho yezemininingwane ngonyaka wama-46, uMnyuziyamu waqala ukusebenza futhi ngasikhathi sinye umbukiso waqamba kabusha. Namuhla, imibukiso engu-8 ingavakashelwa emnyuziyamu namuhla, kepha kukhona okwesikhashana. Ukuqoqwa komnyuziyamu kucishe kube yizincwadi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-125.
Ikheli: Gdańska 4
I-Vintage Granaries (Spichrrze Nad Brda)
Lesi yisikhumbuzo esibaluleke kunazo zonke. Ama-vintage Warehouse atholakala edolobheni elidala laseBydgoscha, embonweni womfula uBrad. Ngesinye isikhathi, lezi zakhiwo zazisetshenziselwa ukugcina imikhiqizo yezolimo nokudla, ezihanjiswa ngumfula. Sengikushilo ngenhla ukuthi leli dolobha laliyiphuzu elibalulekile kwezohwebo, ukuze ngekhulu le-16 cishe zonke izindawo (kahle, hhayi wonke umuntu, kepha njalo, kodwa njalo nge-10th) behlangene nezohwebo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-16, umkhumbi ngamunye wesithupha usendleleni eya eGdansk wahlala eBydgoszch.
Ngakho-ke, ama-granaries amasha aqala ukuvula edolobheni, okwakungokwesigaba esivamile sedolobha (kanye nabahlali abasezingeni eliphakeme, umbhishobhi, ngokwesibonelo). Kancane kancane, hhayi okusanhlamvu kuphela kwaqala ukugcina kulezi zakhiwo ezinkulu, kodwa nakho konke, ngokwesibonelo, izitsha, ubumba, njll. Le yi-granari ekhonkolo, kunjalo, njengendlu enkulu. Siqukethe izinhlaka ezintathu zezitini ezinokhuni ezakhelwe lapha ngo-1800 futhi kanye nokunye okusanhlamvu kwamaDashi kokuphela kwekhulu le-18. Ekugcineni, ngendlela, manje kunemnyuziyamu yeBydGoscha, kanti amanye amahholo wombukiso. Kungashiwo ukuthi lezi zakhiwo ezithokozisayo ziyizimpawu zedolobha.
Ikheli: Grodzka 11
Futhi ungadluli nge I-Church Cloilok - Ithempeli elidala elinomlando ocebile. Kuyamangaza nge-Overlaps yayo yekhulu le-17, eyenziwe ngokhuni futhi ihlotshiswe ngamaphethini wezimbali angama-112 e-Florals. Ikheli: Gdańska 2.
Qiniseka ukuthi uphuma ngaphandle I-Town Hall Square - Kuhlatshwe umxhwele ngokunembile ngezindawo eziphakeme zezindlu, ezidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene engenangqondo.
Ngokuvamile, kudla okuthokozisayo kulo muzi okhazimulayo.