Klaipeda - idolobha lesithathu ngobukhulu laseLithuania.
Itholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yezwe. Ososayensi bayaqiniseka ukuthi le ndawo yaxazululwa emakhulwini okuqala enkathi yethu. Kuze kube yikota yokuqala yekhulu le-16, iKlaipeda ingeyama-knights of the teutonic oda, kuze kube unyaka wama-25 wekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Futhi wonke abanikazi abasha bashiye eyabo ngemuva kokuthile. Ngeshwa, maphakathi nekhulu le-19 kwakukhona umlilo onamandla, owabhubhisa ngaphezu kwengxenye yezakhiwo ezindala nawo wonke amathempeli, khona-ke ezweni lesibili namanje "hlanza". Ngakho-ke namuhla ungabona kuphela amanxiwa alabo abebezakhiwe izakhiwo ezinamandla.
Yebo, Klaipeda kusukela maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule kwaziwa njengendawo yokuphumula yasolwandle emnandi ngesimo sezulu esipholile. Enyakatho yeKlaipeda Kunamabhishi amathathu anefulegi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - ukuthi usho ukuthi, uhlanzekile kakhulu futhi ulungele ukubhukuda.
Ngokuvamile, ubani oya ku-cliait yalokho, kepha kunoma yikuphi, kuyadingeka ukwaba isikhathi futhi ubone okuhehayo kwasendaweni. Lapha, ngendlela, ini, ngokwesibonelo:
Onke ama-Esweight Church (Baznycia Visu Sventuju Spindintis Rusijos Zeme)
Ithempeli "labo bonke abangcwele, ezweni labafakizicelo baseRussia" lifana nesonto laseLuternal elinophahla olukhonjisiwe. Isonto lakhiwa ngo-1910 emathuneni amaLuthere. Ngesikhathi kukhululwa kweKlaipeda eminyakeni engama-44-45 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, leli dolobha labhujiswa ngokuqondile, kodwa le nto yebandla iyamelana. Ngemuva kwempi, leli dolobha laqala ukubuyisela ngenkuthalo, yakha izisekelo zokudoba, amabhizinisi okwakha umkhumbi, izibhedlela, izikhungo zamasiko. Izakhamizi zase-Orthodox zaba ngaphezulu. Ngemuva kwezicelo eziningi kubaphathi beDolobha, ithempeli lanikezwa umphakathi wama-Orthodox, owayehlome ngethempeli futhi walikhanyisa, futhi waletha esontweni elilodwa elivalekile laseLiepaja iconostasis. Namuhla, umphakathi we-Orthodox ethempelini ungomunye wabakhulu kunabo bonke. Amalungu esonto akhiwe kabusha esinye isakhiwo eceleni kwethempeli labefundisi. Ethempelini, futhi adla ngendlela edinga usizo, futhi imikhiqizo yalokhu itshalwe engadini ethempelini. Kukhona nethempeli lesikole sangeSonto.
Memel castle
Ngokokuqala ngqa, inqaba kukhulunywa ngaye ku-1252. Ngemuva kwalokho inqaba yayingezinkuni, yasukuma exhasheni. Ngakho-ke, kwanqunywa ukwakha inqaba esuka etsheni. Inqaba yabonakala yaphawuleka, ngama-moats, emboniwe, izakhiwo ezivela etsheni nasesihlahleni ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke wawela ngaphansi kokubuswa kwe-teutonic oda, eshintshana ngomhlaba ongowakwa-Estonia. Engxenyeni yesithathu yekhulu le-14, le nqaba yashiswa, nokho, yavuselelwa.
Ngekhulu le-15, le nqaba yaqiniswa futhi yaguqulwa ukuze isebenzise izikhali. Wayebukeka njengawo wonke ama-castles anjalo endaweni, yezitini ezibomvu, ezinezindonga ezinkulu. Lapho isonto libhujiswa edolobheni, amatshe nezitini athunyelwa ukuqinisa le nqaba, futhi, wayezungezwe umtholo obanzi, lapho kwaphonswa khona i-soni. Ngekhulu le-17, le nqaba yayingafakwa ngaphansi kwemililo nokuhlaselwa, ngakho-ke kwakufanele anqatshwe futhi. Ngo-1757, le nqaba yaziwa ngamabutho aseRussia, ngemva kwempi, lenqaba yalahlekelwa yindawo yakhe yezempi futhi yancipha. Ngo-1770, izindonga zangaphandle zazidilizwa, umgodi walala ubuthongo, futhi isakhiwo saqala ukusetshenziswa kwezidingo zomuzi. Kukota yesithathu yekhulu le-19, izakhi ezisele zadilizwa.
Ngenkathi yamaSoviet, inqaba, ngokunembile, izinsalela zayo zazingavunyelwe ukuvakasha, njengoba zazitholakala endaweni ethile yezitshalo lapho kwakunzima ukuya khona ngaphandle kwemvume. Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka wama-94, lesi sitshalo sadluliswa, kanti ezinye izakhiwo zenqaba zanqunywa ukuba zibuyiswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngisho nomncintiswano okhethekile wabanjwa edolobheni. Omunye wemibhoshongo wenqaba wabuyiselwa, noma kunjalo, usuvele usebenzisa ezinye izinto (ingilazi, isibonelo), futhi kusukela ngo-2002 kukhona imnyuziyamu.
I-Theatre Square (Teatro Aikste)
Indawo edume kakhulu yedolobha futhi, mhlawumbe, enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu edolobheni. Usedolobheni elidala. Square enomthombo omuhle, ugandayiwe, futhi, inkundlakazi yakhiwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, kanye nesikhumbuzo kuSolomoni Dahu.
Lapho le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi yimakethe, ngoba kunomgwaqo wemakethe eduze kwayo. Esigcawini kunemicimbi yamasiko njalo, amaholide nama-fairs. Futhi esigcawini kukhona amakhasino, futhi phakathi nosuku ungahlangana noLwesine osanda kushada, abathwebule izithombe zangemuva kwalo lonke lobu buhle. Eduze kwale ndawo kukhona ibhuloho lokushintshana noma i- "Karl Bridge", ehlotshiswe ngamakhanda amabhubesi nezinkomo. Manje, leli bhuloho selivele libe yikhadi lebhizinisi le-Claatera. Lapho leli bhuloho, ngendlela, lalingezinkuni. Wahlukanisa idolobha elisha edolobheni elidala, naleyo mikhumbi eyayibhukuda ngaphansi kwebhuloho kufanele ngabe ikhokhele intela. Lapho-ke amathobhuka aqala ukuhamba ebhulohweni lensimbi, khona-ke iqiniso, kubonakala sengathi akhanseliwe.
Klaipedas Lighthouse (klaipedos svyturys)
Le ndlu yokukhanyisela yakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Futhi lokhu kungenye yezindawo ezindala kakhulu zoLwandle lweBaltic. ILightthouse imele isicabucabu esinesihlabathi eGulf of Lighthouse. Ukuphakama kwekhambi kungamamitha ayi-16, yize kunjalo, ngokwezinhlelo zomakhi, indawo yokukhanyisela kwakufanele ibe yiwo wonke amamitha angama-25, kodwa, njengoba kwenzeka njalo, yayingenayo imali eyanele.
ILightouse ikhanya kuphela ngamakhilomitha ama-4, ngisho nalokho, kuphela uma bekucacile - kwakungenele ezanele ezidingweni zasemadolobheni. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, isibani esikhanyiso sanqunywa ukuthi siphinde siphinde sibuyise. Futhi kwakungemsebenzi kakhulu. Ushintshe yonke imishini ngendlela yokuthi indlu yokukhadelwa yachitha ukukhanya kwamakhilomitha angama-30. Kanye neLightouse enikezwe ezinye izimpawu zesiginali, ngokwesibonelo, ifulegi elibomvu, elizokhombisa ingozi, nefulegi eliphuzi elisayine ukuphepha okuphelele. Kusukela ngo-1937, ikhathothotho lase livele selikwazi ukuthumela amasiginali omsakazo. Ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, le ndlu yokukhanya nendawo ezungezile yayidume kakhulu phakathi kwendawo nabavakashi.
Wayengophawu lomuzi futhi wabizwa ngokuthi "obomvu", ngoba isibani "sagqashula kude ngenxa yombala wakhe obomvu we-motley. Manje indlu yokukhanyisela, ngendlela, emnyama nomhlophe. ELightouse kukhona ipulatifomu yokubona enombono omuhle kakhulu wedolobha kanye nolwandle. Ngendlela, ngesikhathi sempi hhayi insimu, indlu yokukhanyisela yaphazamiseka, yabuyiselwa, bese yakhiwa kabusha, kangangokuba ayizange iwele. Ngakho-ke, cishe akukho okushiywe kweLightouse endala. Ingabe ingaphakathi lesakhiwo esakhiwa lapho kwakhiwa khona indawo yokuhlala entsha. Namuhla, iLightthouse imele umklamo okhethekile, ngakho-ke izoba namamitha angama-44 amamitha angama-44. Yebo, nemiklamo ekhanyayo isithuthuke kakhulu. ELightthouse ngeke akhuphuke, ngeshwa. Ungasithatha nje isithombe eduze kwakhe, kodwa futhi akukho lutho.