I-Ningbo sisiXeko esiPhepheni esikumgama weekhilomitha ezingamashumi amathandathu avela eShanghai, embindini wendawo yemizi-mveliso kumazantsi empuma yeZhejiang. Igama lesixeko lithetha "Amanzi azolile" - ongothusi, kubangela le ndawo yamaza onxweme wingbo uguqukele kwi-tops - amazibuko amaninzi kwiplanethi. Kule mihla, ikwindawo yesixhenxe phakathi kwamachweba ekhubazekile. Kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo, iSixeko safumana ukonyuswa kwabemi, ngoku kukho abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezithandathu apha. I-Ningbo iphakathi kumbindi wonxweme lukarhulumente emazantsi ukusuka kumlambo i-yangtze kwaye isebenze imithi ye-9365 yeemitha ezingama-9365, i-NT ye-NT. I-Km yeyona ndawo iphambili yeSixeko.
UNingbo yayiyindawo yezibuko zexabiso eliphezulu ukusuka kwithuba le-sunch yelanga. Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe ye-Opium, waba ngomnye wamazibuko aphezulu kuMbuso embizeni ngenxa yendawo entle. Kwi-Ningbo yethu, ngaphandle kokuba kuphuhliswe kakuhle kwimiba yezoqoqosho, yenye yezona zixeko zintle kakhulu-ngenxa yendawo entle yendalo. Enkosi kwindawo yolwandle kwicandelo lemozulu ye-subropical mooon, umswakama ophakathi ugcinwa kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu bungaphezulu kwe-degrees yeshumi elinesithandathu. Isixeko sinomtsalane ukuba sityelele nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka. Umzekelo, ehlotyeni ungandwendwela indawo Tianhe , kwindawo yeentaba I-Tiantai, Sueudou , kufutshane seSixeko Sikou , kwaye ebusika-yiya kwi Imithombo eshushu ye-nanexies . I-North Ningbo ityebile ngamachibi amangalisayo - njenge Intshona yeLake, iLake Thai kunye Dunqian -Ukubajonga. Abakhenkethi beza kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka. Ewe, i-Ningbo yile, kunjalo, isixeko sanamhlanje esihlala ngokwemikhwa emitsha, kodwa abemi baso asangalibali ukubamba izandla - bave i-vases ukusuka kwi-bamboo, yenze i-mats, i-mat, i-furvings kwi-bamboo-yenza imizobo kuyo .
I-Ningbo yenye yezona zixeko zakudala zobukumkani obuphakathi, eziqhubeka zinamava omabini amava obomi kunye nokuhla kwemithetho yendlu yoza. ISixeko sithathelwa ingqalelo yindawo yemvelaphi yenkcubeko yezinto zakudala zikaNeolisiwe Hamoud, iminyaka esixhenxe. Kumgama weekhilomitha ezingamashumi amabini anesibini ukusuka eNingbo Imyuziyam yeNkcubeko Hamouda eyayidume ngokukhethekileyo ngemveliso eyenziwe ngobuchule. Inkcubeko yakudala eyayichuma kule ndawo ichaphazele into yokuba ngemihla yethu uNingbo yile kanye siyibonayo - isixeko, sikhule kakhulu kwaye sinelifa lenkcubeko nenkcubeko.
Ningbo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, le yenye yezixeko zokuqala kuBukumkani obuphakathi, ababevulelekile kwihlabathi laseNtshona, kwaye ke, abavangeli basemazweni baqala ukuza kwangethuba kwezihlalo zalapha. Ngenxa yoko - eNingbo, xa kuthelekiswa nazo zonke ezinye izixeko kuRhulumente, kwizikhundla ezomeleleyo zenkolo yamaKristu. Kwelinye icala, indawo osondeleyo yesiqithi esingcwele saseShiyan kunye nobukho benani elikhulu leetempile ezidumileyo zoBuddha lomeleza intsingiselo ye-Buddhism. ISixeko sineendawo ezingama-565 ze-buddhist, 298 - I-Christian, phakathi kwe-52 ngamaKatolika. Kukho ne-mosque enye.
Ikwanomdla Ithala leencwadi liayi. . Ubudala bakhe, amakhulu amane eminyaka. Eli ziko yeyona ithamrensi yakudala yabucala yobukumkani obuphakathi. Kukufutshane nechibi le-lunar.
Ibhulorho yokwakhiwa kwendoda Oluka kakhulu kwi-Bay yase-Hangzhouvan, yeyona bhurho inde yolwandle iphantsi kwiplanethi-ubude bayo ngamashumi amathathu anesithandathu eekhilomitha.
Iitempile eNingbo
Inkcubeko ye-buddhist kakhulu iyonke iyabonakala apha ngokuba yinxalenye enkulu yeetempile zembali ezinomtsalane. Itempile yetempile (I-Ayuvan), eyiwaka elingamakhulu asixhenxe elineminyaka engamawaka asixhenxe ubudala, igcina inqabile i-buddhism yaseShakyamuni. I-Teanteun itempile Kungummangalelwa ngenxa yendawo eyimfihlakalo kunye nendlela eyingozi yokwakha. Inkwenkwe yetempile - Enye yezakhiwo ezindala ezenziwe ngomthi ezakhiwe kwinyani yokuba iindonga zayo zingumfanekiso omkhulu we-percelain buddha - iminyaka emithandathu ziinkulungwane ezintandathu. Etempileni kukho ne-sememeter ye-semetter tower - kukho amawaka emifanekiso kaBuddha kunye ne-sutra yakudala kuyo. Ukwakhiwa kwecawe yenkwenkwe kwaqala ngo-1573, kodwa isantya sakhe sasiphantsi, kwaye umsebenzi wagqitywa nge-1620. Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo, umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa wenziwa etempileni, emva kwabo inkangeleko yakhe ayitshintshi ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje. Icawe yenkwenkwe iyamkelwa njengomzekelo omangalisayo womsebenzi wasekhaya. Eminye imiqobo eNingbo yindawo ye-buddhist - Isicatshulwa setempile kunye ne-pagoda tianfeng kunye ne-jiantsun.
Itempile yetempile Ibekwe kufutshane nencopho yeLukhua kwiintaba zeTaiya, enye yeyona ibaluleke kakhulu kubalandeli bokholo lweBuddha eTshayina. Itempile ibhekisa kwisikolo se-Chan-Buddhism (i-buddhism (i-buddhism), inani elikhulu lamakholwa aseTshayina Funa ukuba angangeni kuzo, uninzi lwazo luvela kumazwe aseYurophu naseMelika- baya kuthi yiza apha nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka. Itempile ka-Ashoka inkulu ikuphela kwetempile eState, eyathi yabizwa ngegama leNkosi yaseIndiya. Waziwa ngokuba ngumjikelo kwaye wasasaza ubuBhuda. Ngokutsho kolwazi lwembali, i-Angkaka yabona iNingbo njengendawo apho uxolo kunye nokuvumelana. Iintsomi ezininzi zihambelana nolwakhiwo nembali yokuqala yetempile.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba itempile yentsusa yakhiwa ngexesha lolawulo lwe-yeshou yasentshona-ngo-282nd BC. Emva kwalo mhla, ulwazi malunga nobomi betempile lulahle ixesha elide. Ezona zibalulekileyo zetempile ka-Ashoka ikhulu ithambo lePardatal ye-Buddha Shakyamuni. Kukholelwa ukuba le yenye yamashumi asibhozo anamawaka amabini anesine (!) Izihlwele ezakhiwe ngumphathi we-Asheok, apho amandla agcinwa khona. Oku kuhlaziywe kwinqanaba lelitye kunye namanyathelo asixhenxe akwiholo yeSuptu.
Enye yeepagodas etempileni yaziwa ngokuba yingqokelela ye-Buddha. Kwaye ngo-1993 - M ngexesha lomsebenzi wokubuyiselwa, kwabakho uCabiigraphy, olwayi-epochs ye-Yuan, imiz nakwi-qing. Ukongeza, kukho ingqokelela ye-calligraphicraphic ye-OIVAN, apho umsebenzi we-Emper qianpun, olawula ngo-1736 - 1795, ngexesha lokutshona kwe-qing - wabashiya ngexesha lokundwendwela etempileni.