IPoland ityebile kwimifanekiso eyahlukeneyo. Zombini zendalo kunye nembali.
Kodwa ngokobuqu, ndingathanda ukuhlala kule nto ilandelayo.
Igama lesixeko mhlawumbi bonke abantu bayaziwa. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, utyelelo lwakhe ngezizathu ezingacacanga azithandwa kakhulu kubakhenkethi baseRussia. Nangona lilize. Ibali liyadingeka (kwaye ibalulekile) ukwazi, nokuba yintoni.
Esi sixeko yeyona ndawo intle kakhulu kwimephu yasePoland. Igama lakhe - I-Auschwitz…
I-Auschwitz (Polish. Oświtz) ikwiikhilomitha ezingama-60 kwintshona yeKrakou. Ngokwenyani ukusuka kwiKrakow kwaye ilungele ukufumana apha.
Imbali yeSixeko iphantse yadlula iminyaka engama-800. I-Auschwitz yenye yezixeko ezindala ePoland, yasekwa e-XII kwinkulungwane, kwaye ukukhankanywa kokuqala kuka-Auschwitz kubhekiselelwe kwi-1179 (okanye nge-1117 ngokwenye idatha). Yayingumzi omkhulu we-vint.
Kwaye ayingombono apha, njengesigculelo sembali yasePoland, ngexesha lemfazwe yesibini yehlabathi, amaNazi alungelelanise inkampu yoxinaniso, eyaba yindawo yokubulala imbali yoluntu. Emva kokujoyina isixeko ukuya kwi-Fascist iJamani, wafumana igama I-auschwit.
Emva koko, kwiNkqubo ye-Nuremberg, i-nurnument yokuqala ye-Auschwitz Rudolf godoss kwinani lokubulawa kwenani lokubulawa kwenani lokubulawa kwenani lama-2,5 ezigidi. Nangona kunjalo, inani elichanekileyo labo alinakwenzeka, kuba amaxwebhu amaninzi atshatyalalisiwe. Ngapha koko, amaNazi akazange athathele ingqalelo abantu abathunyelweyo kwangoko emadongwe amagumbi erhasi kwangoko bafika. Ngoku kwenye yeebhloko kukho ugcino apho idatha yamabanjwa angama-650 igcinwe. Yoyike ...
Okwangoku, kunokwenzeka ukuba undwendwele iMyuziyam Supers " Auschwitz i. "Kwaye" Auschwitz II -Birkenau".
Ukuqala nge-8: 00, ukuvalwa kwenzeka ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka: ngehlobo - ngo-19: 00, kwi-wit / intsini - ngo-17: 00, nge-15: 00.
Ukusukela ngo-Epreli ukuya ku-Okthobha (ukusuka nge-10: 00 kuye ku-15: 00) ngo-Okthobha (ukusuka nge-10: 00 kuye ku-15: 00 kuye ku-15: 00), kuphela njengenxalenye yeqela ngesikhokelo. Amaqela ayaliwe, njengommiselo, njengokuzalisa. Esona sipoli sePoland esithandwayo nesichazayo (ixesha lokufumana ihlobo ngalinye kwiyure). Ukuqokelela amaqela kwisiFrentshi, isiJamani, iSpanish, isiTaliyane, saseCzech kunye neSlovak kunye neelwimi zeSlovak. Ungazama ukulinda "iseti" yeqela elithetha isiRashiya, kodwa njengoko benditshilo, ndityelele i-auschwitz ayithandwa kakhulu kubakhenkethi baseRussia, ke umngcipheko awundilindeli uhambo. Ukutyelelwa kwamaqela ePoland yi-25 zeTostys, njengenxalenye yamaqela angaphandle - 40 Zł.
Ungahamba ngaphandle kwesikhokelo, kodwa nokuba kude kube nge-10: 00 kusasa, okanye emva kwe-15: 00 (yile nto ukuba lixesha le). Ukuba ukusuka ngo-Novemba ukuya ku-Matshi, emva koko hamba ngaphandle kwesikhokelo uvunyelwe nangaliphi na ixesha xa ukungena kuvulwa. Kwaye umnyango ngaphandle kwesikhokelo sisimahla (eso simahla). Iqinisekisiwe.
I-Aushwitz II Streens - i-birkenau ingazimase ngaphandle kwesikhokelo kwaye simahla nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka. Kodwa, ukuba kukho umnqweno wokumamela isikhokelo, ke kunokwenzeka kwiqela, ikwayimali eyongezelelweyo.
Ngaphezulu komnyango wendawo ye-Auschwitz ixhonywe isiqubulo: "I-Arbet Machit Machi" (eguqulelwa ngokukhululeka "). Kanye ngoko nangoko ekungeneni kwamabanjwa abuyayo emsebenzini, iokhestra yadlala i-orchestra, evela kumabanjwa yaza yabandakanya.
Ngo-2009, i-Recription ye-Iron-Iron i-Tobet Scoi "yabiwa yaza yaziinxalenye ezintathu zonxibelelwano olulandelayo eSweden. Nangona kunjalo, kwiintsuku nje ezintathu kamva zafunyanwa ngamapolisa. Emva koko, umbhalo ngaphezulu komnyango kuthatyathelwe indawo yikopi ekhoyo namhla.
Amabanjwa okuqala avela kwi-Auschvice ngo-1940, xa abahlali abangama-728 baseKrakow bahlangula i-728 enkampini. Kuyaziwa ukuba akukho mntu usinda kwaba bantu.
Kwaye uvavanyo lokuqala kwintshabalalo enkulu yabantu kwi-Aushiwitz inkampu, ndisebenzisa irhasi "uquko", amaNazi achithwe ngoSeptemba 3, 1941. Kwathiwa amabanjwa angama-600 amabanjwa eMfazwe kunye nama-250 amabanjwa angama-250 ePolin anikezelwa enkampini. Emva koko, kumagumbi aphantsi komhlaba onqamlezileyo. 11 (Ibizwa ngokuba "yiyunithi yokufa"), bonke babulawa besebenzisa "inkanyalelo" b ". Olu vavanyo lwamkelwa ngabaNazis ngempumelelo, kwaye emva koko le gesi ingentla yaqala ukusetyenziswa kakhulu ukutshabalalisa abantu.
Ngokubanzi, xa usiwa kumhlaba wenkampu ye-Auschwitz i, ngoko nangoko wabetha indlela yonke into ngokucocekileyo neJamani zixhotywe apha. Ngokusulungekileyo ngaphandle, kunjalo. Izakhiwo ezifanayo zokuhlala, izibane ekungeneni, kwizitrato ezifihlakeleyo, i-lawn ehleliweyo ...
Kwananga ngokukhawuleza kwaye andikholelwa ukuba kwenzeke ntoni apha ngexesha lemfazwe yesibini yehlabathi, bangaphi abantu apha abatshutshiswa kwaye batshatyalalisiwe. Kwaye kuphela ngumtya ongenakusebenza kwimigca eliqela yeengcingo ezinxunguphalo apho i-voltage ephezulu yenzeka khona, ibuyela kwinyani. Kwaye emva kokuba uqalile ukungena endlwini yophuhliso, jonga ukubonakaliswa. Ubusuku nje.
Kwelinye lamanqaku agqithisileyo, inkampu yoxinaniso yinombolo yebhloko ye-11. Apha kwigumbi elingaphantsi ligcine amabanjwa ngaphambi kokugwetywa. "Ukuma" abakhweli bekunobuchule ikakhulu, apho amabanjwa awazange afumane ithuba lokuhlala phantsi. Kwelinye legumbi elingaphantsi kwegumbi legesi. Xa sasise-Auschwitz, umnyango webhloko ye-11 uvaliwe, kodwa ukuthembeka, hayi kakhulu.
Intendelezo phakathi kwe-10 ne-11 yezidumbu ibiyelwe nodonga oluphakamileyo, kwabizwa ngokuba "ngudonga lokufa". Ngaphambi kwalo donga, amaNazi adutyulwa amawaka amabanjwa angama-10 amabanjwa (uninzi lwezibonda). Kwiyadi kukho amagwegwe akhe okutshutshiswa. Kwinombolo ye-Block 10, enxibe ii-shutter ezichetyiweyo ukuze kungabikho nto ngaphakathi ukuze ubukele ekwenziweni kwenziwe apha.
Ngokubhekele phaya, ucingo olucekeceke lubekwe apho uvavanyo lwegesi "i-chycycy" b "yaqhutywa. Emva kokuba le yunithi isetyenziswe njengegumbi legesi apho amabanjwa atshabalaliswa ngamanani amaninzi.
Kwicala elichaseneyo lenkampu ye-Auschwitz, i-crematorium ibekwe emva kocingo lwenkampu. Ngoku ngaphakathi kwizinto zokwenyani Ungabona iziko lesithando esiphindaphindiweyo apho phantse imizimba engama-350 itshisiwe ngosuku.
Ngendlela, ngo-Epreli 1947, iRudolf Höss, umphathi wokuqala we-Auschwitz uxinaniso, emkhosini owanika umkhosi waseBritane wanika icala lolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ngokwenyani, xa bethetha nge-auschwitz, endaweni yoko bathetha ubunzima I-Auschwitz II. (okanye Birkenau ). Yayingumzi mveliso wokufa wokwenene. Apho kwibala elinye lamaplanga anamakhulu amawaka ezibonda, amaYuda, amaRussia, amaGypies namabanjwa ezinye izizwe. Kwaye inani lamaxhoba lale nkampu (iqiniswe kuphela) kuphela kwizigidi zabantu.
Ngendlela, uninzi lwamaYuda lafika kwinkampu yeAuschwitz-birzeny inkolelo eqinileyo yokuba amaJamani abo athumela ngaphandle "ukuya kwindawo yokuhlala" ukuya eMpuma Yurophu. Kwaye amaJamani avela eHungary kwaye iGrisi ithengisiwe "imimandla ekhoyo kunye neeplani zophuhliso. Ke ngoko, ngokufuthi abantu baziswa kunye nempahla yempahla kunye nemali.
Ngelishwa, asinaxesha laneleyo lokuhlola i-Auschwitz II. Kodwa ndikholelwe, kwaye okokuqala wanele ukuvavanya lonke ilizwe lentlekele.
Andisayi kuphinda ndiyeke ebomini babangamaJuda eAuschwitz, kodwa okwangoku, akukho mYuda ihleli apha.