I-Veliky Novgorod yeyona dolophu indala eRussia, kuba ukukhankanywa kwayo kuqala unyaka wamakhulu asibhozo anamashumi amahlanu anesithoba, kwaye owona mhla wesiseko wayo kolo woyike uhlala eyimfihlakalo. Kwakulo mzi ukuba iincwadi zokuqala zaseRussia zabhalwa, kwaye lafunyanwa lafunyanwa idiplomas yokuqala yokuqala yeBirchy. Kwaye le yimyuziyam yesixeko. Apha kukho yonke inkanuko yobomi, iipaki, amachibi, amahlathi omlambo kunye nezikhumbuzo ezininzi zembali. Ngaba thina kunye neqabane lam linokuphoswa bubutyebi? Ukuze uhlole zonke iindawo ezinomdla zalo mzi, kufuneka ukwazile kangangeentsuku ezilishumi leholide yakho. Ngoku ndiza kuzama ukuchaza eyona nto inomdla kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-veliky novgorod, ekufuneka ijongwe ekuqaleni kwako konke.
I-Sophia Cathedral . Le tyhedi yenye yezona zinto zixabisekileyo zoyilo lwamaxesha eRussia yakudala. Ekuqaleni, le theretrol yayiyitempile yenkosana, kuba wakhiwa ngokokulandelelana kuka-Prince Vladimir, owayengunyana weYaroslav. Yakhiwa itempile iminyaka emihlanu, kwaye ukuba ichanekile ngakumbi, ke ukwakhiwa kwewaka lewaka lewaka, elinesibini laqala, kwaza kwagqitywa iwaka. Ngentlawulelo yeprincely, i-cat'weral yayingekude, kuba sele kwishumi elinesibini lenkulungwane yeshumi elinambini lenkulungwane, waguqukela kwiqela eliphambili le-NoVgorod. Umfanekiso wetempile uluhlobo kunye nobuninzi, kwaye iyahambelana ne-domes ezintlanu. Ulwakhiwo oluphambili, ukusuka kumacala amathathu, ijikelezwe ziigalari ezimbini ezinamacala amabini. Ngaphakathi etempileni, i-Iconostasis ezintathu zifakiwe. Iicons kwiCarike zininzi kakhulu, kwaye phakathi kwabo, njengokuba i-Eupsiimia inkulu, i-Savvangcwaliswe, i-Icon kamama kaThixo ", i-anthony" yeNtombi yeNtombi. Ukongeza kwimifanekiso yabangcwele abathandathu rhoqo etempileni - iinkosana zaseMstislav noFeder, iPrincess Irina kunye nonyana wakhe Vladimir, ooHlala baka-Archhops Nikita noJohn. Icawati, inentsomi yayo. Kwiwaka elinye lamakhulu amahlanu, i-ofisi yeshumi elinambini uIvan Grozny, abahlali besi sixeko batshatyalalisiwe. Ke, nguNovgorod, ihobe labhabha elidlulileyo, eliye ladinwa kwaye lahlala phantsi ukuze liphumle emnqamlezweni isithsaba sekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekati yekamva. Ukuphumla nokujonga ngeenxa zonke, ijuba labona eli icala leyintle kwaye lalityhutyha, lalityhutyha. Emva kwethuba, enye yeenkosi yayiyintombi enyulu, eyamxelela ukuba yayingelilo ihobe elilula, njengoko wayethunyelwa empahleni, iSixeko siya kuba sempilweni ophangaleleyo . Ngamaxesha emfazwe enkulu yokuthambuka, umnqamlezo kunye nehobe ikhutshelwe ngaphandle kwamaSpanish alwa ecaleni kwamaJamani, aze ayibuyisele kwindawo yawo yangaphambili, elawulwa kuphela ngonyaka wamawaka amabini anesine.
Ilitye lesikhumbuzo "iMillenia yaseRussia" . Ibekwe kumhlaba wedolophu iKremlin. Kuba isikhumbuzo sinikezelwe kwiwaka leminyaka isikhumbuzo seminyaka eliwaka ukusukela ngenxa yezizathu zelizwe laseRussia, iyaqondakala kakhulu ukuba ikwinkulungwane iwaka elinesibhozo lamashumi amathandathu anesithandathu sonyaka. Esi sisimo esibuhlungu esibonakalayo, ngokucacileyo kunye nefom, ifana nentsimbi apho amanani aphantse baphi na ookumkani baseRussia, umphathi omkhulu, ababhali kunye nababhali abadumileyo. Lilonke, kwesi sikhumbuzo, kukho ikhulu elinamashumi amabini anesithoba labantu ababalaseleyo abashiye impahla kwimbali kaRhulumente. Isikhumbuzo sisithsaba sebhola yamandla, kwaye ingelosi inyuka, ngubani ngesandla sakhe esingubeni sakhe, emi umfazi ongumfazi waseRussia.
Sofia Belfry . Ungayithanda kwi-Novomgorod kremlin. Ukukhankanywa okokuqala kweSofia Bellry, inye iwaka elinamakhulu amane anamashumi amathathu anesixhenxe. Ngokwengxelo yengxelo, elona nzi linamandla lenzekileyo, elalihlambe udonga lweKremlin kwaye layisonga i-bellry. Ngokutsho kwabanye abaphandi, kwasekuqaleni le bhalrory yayiseludongeni lweKremlin, okanye yayikufuphi nayo. Kwiminyaka emibini emva kweziganeko ezingenakuthelekiswa, kwakhiwa i-bellry entsha, kodwa wayesoloko ezakha kwakhona. Embindini wenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithandathu, yayithile ngokwakhiwa ngokwale ntsika iintsika ezintandathu, ezazimisa iskena ezintlanu kunye neentsimbi ezifakwe kuzo. Kula maxesha akude, amadolo eSofia avakala kumgama wamashumi amahlanu eekhilomitha, kwaye babedume ngokungonwabi kwabo ngokumangalisayo. Ezi bheli kunye nesandi sabo esimangalisayo, sizinzekile ngonaphakade entliziyweni yomqambi obalaseleyo weSergei RakhManinov, owayezalelwe endleleni kwala malungu.
Ukusukela ngoko, iintsimbi zakwazi ukukhathaza ngembali yabo yenzekile, eye yenzeka kubo ngo-Agasti iwaka elinesithoba elinamakhulu asithoba aneminyaka engamashumi amane ananye. Ngezo ntsuku, iintsimbi zazifuna ukusindisa ngokukhutshelwa kwaye zibashenxise kwi-barge kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, kodwa ebhedini leyo yayiyenzeka, ibhombu yaseJamani yeza. Iintsimbi zazingqwazi, kodwa ezimbini zazo, kwaye eyona inkulu, kodwa zakwazi ukugcina kwaye zingcwaba. Ngenxa yokuba isixeko sasidla ngokugxothwa kwaye isandi sesandi sasifanelwe ukuhamba, iintsimbi ngokwayo sinengxaki kakhulu, kwaye sasinokujonga ngaphezulu kokujonga. Yabuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza, kuba iwaka elinesithoba elinamakhulu asithoba anamashumi amane anesibhozo, iSofia Belfry ijongeka ngendlela efanayo nakwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe. Iintsimbi eziye bakwazi ukusinda, kwaye bangcwatyelwa, babuyela kwindawo yazo efanelekileyo, kodwa kuphela ngenxa yesesane ababengasebenzi. Namhlanje, ezi bheli bezingayi ndawo, zisendaweni yazo, inyani ibeke ijikeleze iintsimbi kwisiseko esikhethekileyo. Andinakudlulisa kuwe ngamazwi, emva koko ndivakalelwe xa uzichukumisa ngentende yakho. Okokuqala, iimvakalelo zendalo ngokwemvelo, kuba phantsi kwentsimbi ebandayo yesundu, kodwa xa isusa kude nobushushu bomzimba womntu, ngokungathi kufike ebomini. Inyani yokuba iintsimbi zabantu abadala azifanelekanga ukuba kukhutshelwe izandi ze-melodic ezivela kuzo asikukhathaza iindwendwe zesixeko, kuba iintsimbi ezintsha ezifakwe kwiintsimbi, ezingakhange zibize zibi kakhulu kuninzi, kwi kusasa kunye nokuhlwa. Qiniseka ukuba uyakonwabela ukukhala kwabo. Ndikholelwe, iimvakalelo zibaluleke kakhulu!