Guta reMelbourne riri padhuze neRwizi Yarra, iri mune imwe nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba yekondinendi yeAustralia.
Munguva yekuvapo kwayo (uye guta revadiki, rine makore 170 chete) kubva kune zvidiki zvidiki zvekoloni, Melbourne akatendeuka kuita rimwe rezvehuwandu hwe Megalolipisies weAustralia. Guta rakakodzera nenzira yakakodzera kubwinya seyakaganhurwa uye yemitambo nzvimbo yeAustralia. Nhoroondo yeguta reMelbourne inonakidza uye yakawedzera, kunyangwe yakakosha kucherechedza zvese mumweya wenguva apo kubatwa kwekodhi kwenzvimbo kwaizivikanwa uye kwakagamuchirwa kwazvo nemambo.
Nhoroondo yekukura kweguta yakatanga musi wa 1835, apo maColonial maviri ekoloni akasvika pamuromo weRwizi rweYarra ari pasi pekutungamirirwa Kwemaviri Johani (Johane Batman John Folner). Vakaronga misha yekutanga. Ipapo kukosha kwacho kune mumwe, "wekutanga" wa "Johani" ainyanya kukwezva uye kuwedzera zvinhu zvese zvakanyatsonaka mune zvinhu zvepamutemo. Pasina kumhanyisa mu "bhokisi refu" weBatman akafunga nezvevatungamiriri vezvibvumirano zveAborigine pane zvinotengwa zviuru mazana matatu emazana matatu. Ini ndakabhadhara iyo nyika, sezvazvinofanira kuve munhu chena mumazuva iwayo, magumbeze, magirazi uye zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvehuwandu hwemapaundi mazana maviri emapaundi. Aruzwi akadaro haagone kufananidzwa nechero chinhu, kuputika kwedu 90 tichienzanisa neiyi kutamba kweboka renyama muParming Compurm.
Kudzokera kuMelbourne, kureva kuti nyaya ini ndichati batman yakapinda munyaradzi mumatare emutemo. Mushure mekusayina kutengeserana kwekutengesa, iyo yechipiri kugadziriswa kweJohani aJohani kwakava nemutsa uye zvisiri pamutemo. Saka nyonganiso pakati pevagari vakaenderera kusvikira mainland, kuti vaende zviri pamutemo zvinhu hazvina kusvika naSir Richard Berk uye Amermer Robert Khodl. Iwo Kodzero idzi dzaive pamutemo uye dzekutanga nzvimbo dzakagamuchira zita rimwechete Melbourne, mukuremekedza Mutungamiriri weEngland, Lord Melbourne.
Vashanyi kana venhau chete veguta reMelbourne vachasangana nendege huru - iyo yakanakisa nzira dzeTurlamarine.
Yakanaka chimiro chine huwandu hwepamoyo uye hwekutiza, turmicient turminals inopa kuyerera kunoenderera kwevatasvi. Nhandare yendege yakanyanya kuomarara, asi nekukana kwayo, iri munharaunda yayo inopa mabasa mazhinji, kusvika kumakamuri evana. Vashanyi kubva kunyika dzeaimbova USSR cherechedzo. Iko hakuna ndege dzakananga kubva kunyika dzedu dzekunyepedzera, chete nevachinjiki muHong Kong, Seoul, Tokyo. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nendege yemutakuri. Kubva kuairport kuenda kunzvimbo yeguta kuti iwane nyore, asi sarudzo yekufambisa haina kunaka. Kana mabhasi kana taxisi. Ini ndinokurudzira, ndichiri kugara pane zvekutakura vanhu.
Mabhazi epakati-emhando yepamusoro anowanzo gumburana, sezvo vagari vacho vachiri kuda kuponesa, uye ndima yematekisi inonyanya kudhura. Kunyangwe huwandu hwevanhu venzvimbo hadzina kuwanikwa zvakare. Nenzira inonyanya kufarirwa muMelbourne yakanakidzwa nemakambani emotokari yemotokari. Nenzira, kuairport, basa rakadaro rinogona kuitwa zvinobudirira, zvese zvinowanikwa nekuwanika kwekodzero uye kugadzirira zvishoma kugumbuka.
MuMelbourne mamiriro ekunze anofadza mamiriro ekunze. Iyo yakawanda yegore (Gumiguru -Aprel) tembiricha yemhepo inobata chiratidzo chimwe che +25 degrees. Kunyangwe, maererano neAborigine yemuno, mamiriro ekunze eMelbourne anogona kurarama nguva dzese dzegore. Mugungwa, rinopa zano chete mumwaka wezhizha. Uye kutenda kwezvose zvinotonhora maitiro, kuvonga kune iro zuva rakawanda rinopisa, tembiricha yemvura haizopfuuri +21 madhigirii.
Guta reMelbourne rinonakidza kune vashanyi vezera chero zera uye nyaya yacho mukubatana kwehunyanzvi hwechiitiko chemazuvano nezvakaitika kare, nzvimbo dzakakomberedzwa nenzvimbo dzekuvaraidza. Uye chinhu chikuru kune vagari venzvimbo iyi.
Guta racho rinokatyamadza hombe, mune dzinoverengeka dzeItaly neGreek Diaspora. Iyo mamiriro kubva munharaunda yakadaro yemaviri diasporas, ingonakidzwa. Hotherraimational italians musanganiswa nemaGreek ekutonga musanganiswa wekutonga. Kushamwaridzana kwakadaro uye maitiro akanaka kune vashanyi uye vashanyi veguta kwakaoma kusangana nemumwe munhu. Mitemo yekugamuchira vaeni zvakanaka iri pamberi. Ukama uhwu hwakatiyeuchidza nedunhu reCaucasian (mumakore akanakisa ekuvapo kwaro, apo chero mugere guta ravo, akava akabatana ne "hama".
Muguta hazvibviri kurasika. Izvo zvakakosha chete kubvunza (kunyangwe ivo vakaputsika Chirungu), mugwagwa pakarepo pachave nevanhu vazhinji vanoda kwete kungoratidza nzira asi nekungozivisa nyaya (kugadziridza nyaya) guta rako. Saka isu taitsvaga nyika zoo. Tsananguro yekuzvinzwisisa (kwatiri) yaive yakaoma. Vakatambura nesu kuyedza kutitsausa nzira (nenzira, pakanga pasina kana mumvuri wekutsamwa, chete chishuwo chekubatsira). Isu isu pachedu takanga tatozvitora, nepo mumwe wekwakangoenda nesu (sevana vadiki) uye akatsauka kumamboti, akataura nzira uye zvese izvi zvinoshamisa zvinoshamisa, nekunyemwerera. Vane hushamwari nevanhu vane mutsa.
Iyo isingawanzoitika uye inoshamisa nzira yekufamba muguta mune yeguta pane tram.
Zvinokosha kuti mupasi rose rakakura kutakura tram rekutendeuka. Mu "chembere" isingawanzo, mafambiro anoitawo basa rematanho, achiperekedza rwendo nenyaya dzenyaya dzakanaka uye kuona kweguta ravo.
Ini ndinokurudzira kukwira matadzi (denderedzwa reguta remahara), nekuti havasi vemotokari yakanaka kwazvo uye zvakare vakasununguka, vakasununguka. Uye maresitorendi emunharaunda pahwaro hweTrams - mune General Charm.
Great, akagara patafura yekudya kwemanheru estauranti, Nakidzwa neyenyika cuisine apo panorama yezvakaonekwa zveguta zvichitsiviwa kunze kwehwindo.
Iko kukwezva kwakanyanya kweMelbourne ndeye federation square.
Ichi chiitiko chose chakaoma zvivakwa, chivakwa cheshikiso chacho chinogumira kune sunon mumigwagwa yemugwagwa, flinders mumigwagwa uye yerwizi Yarra. Ino ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yekushanyira yevashanyi nevashanyi vese veguta. Pagarno, iyo Federation Square, ine zvinokwezva zvayo zvese zvinopinda kuvanhu mamirioni mashanu. Iyo yepakati yeruzivo yevashanyi yakarongedzwa pane square, kushanyira iyo iwe uchaburitswa (mahara) kiredhiti) makadhi emakadhi munzvimbo dzakakosha dzeguta. Kutenderedza nzvimbo yakavakirwa zvivakwa zvisina kujairika zvechimiro chinoshamisa chine zita rinonakidza - "zvidimbu".
Mukati me "zvidimbu" izvi - chakaomarara vevaraidzo (cinemas, macaff, maresitorendi, pane kunyange mamuseum). Mugadziri anonakidza - Architectural Solution.
Pamusoro penzvimbo iyi muMelbourne, huwandu hwenzvimbo dzinokosha. National Museums, Royal Park neacosy yake inoshamisa maitiro uye iyo inonyanya kufadza Penguin parade.