Alegizandiriya ni umujyi uherereye mu ruzi rwa Nili Delta. Nibyambu nyamukuru n'umujyi wa kabiri munini muri Egiputa. Umujyi urambura ibirometero mirongo itatu na bibiri ku nkombe ya Mediterane. Yamushishije Alexander Makedoniya - Muri 322 GTO.N. Alegizandiri azi kwisi yose kubera ibikurura ba mukerarugendo. Abaza hano bose bazishimira kubamenyera nabo.
Ibyo ni kimwe mubitangaza Farosky Mayak Mu myaka ya 1375 yatsembye umutingito ukomeye. Hirya no hino mu kinyejana cyashize, na Sultan Kite-Bay, gukiza ibihome bikomeye, bamwitaga izina. Iki kimenyetso cya kera nticyavuguruwe kuva kera, ubu ni, akomoka mu bibi mwinshi wa Alegizandiriya. Hano Inzu Ndangamurage.
Kimwe mu bintu bizwi cyane byumujyi ni Isomero rya Alexandria Ninde wari mu makuru ya kera cyane ku isi yose. Hariho inyandiko zigera kuri magana ane. Muri 48 BC Umujyi wari umaze igihe kinini agoswe n'ingabo z'Umwami w'abami Julia Sezari, hanyuma umuriro utangirira muri Alegizandiriya, wangiza isomero. Ibyagumye nkuko byari bigamije byimuriwe muri Serpium, yabaye nk'ishuri ry'ubumenyi. Ariko, nyuma - mu ntangiriro yigihe cyacu - iyi mirimo yashenywe nabakristu batifuzaga kubungabunga ibyahujwe nabapagani. Iyo isomero rya Alexandria ryari muminsi yashize, ubu ntabwo rizwi kuri ubu. Serisiyo yari hafi yinkingi yintoki, nindi matsiko yubukerarugendo wibitangaza.
Inkingi ya Pompeev
Iyi nkingi yubatswe na granite itukura, uburebure bwayo ni metero makumyabiri natanu. Inkingi yubatswe kugirango ahimbaze umuyobozi wa EpEr. Hafi yuyu munyuba Hariho galeries zo mu kuzimu aho ibimasa nyakubatswe - Apisa, kimwe na sphinx eshatu.
Dukurikije imigani, iyi nkingi nyamukuru yagaragaye mu mujyi kubera iyo myigaragambyo, byabayeho mu 297. Umujyi wagoswe n'umwami w'abami wa Dekhokin, nyuma agifatwa. Abateye babonye abaturage b'icwa n'inzara babwira umwami wabo, kandi atanga itegeko ryo gukwirakwiza imigati. Hano, nko gushimira, kubushake bwumujyi prefegi kandi wubatse inkingi ya metero makumyabiri nkoresheje granite itukura nkibikoresho. Kandi yahawe izina, bigaragara ko yise perefe imwe.
Umusigiti wa Abu al-Abbas
Umusigiti wa Abu al-Abbas ni munini kandi uzwi cyane mumujyi. Yubatswe na Alijeriya mu kinyejana cya Sarum mu kinyejana cya cumi n'umunani aho byagaragaye mbere - imva ya Islamu St. Abbas al-Abbas al-Morsi, wabayeho mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatatu. Yabaye ibizava muri Andalusiya, nyuma ya Sheikh mu buvandimwe Shadheli, washinze Abu al-Hassan al-Shadheli. Kuva iyubakwa ry'umusigiti ryagize impinduka nyinshi.
Mu mizo ya mbere, habaye imva ya mutagatifu, ariko, mu myaka ya 1307 G. G. Al-Sheikh El Dean yasuye hano, nyuma yibyo, Mausoleum, Mausoleum na Dome barabogamye hafi yacyo. Kandi byongeyeho - umusigiti mwiza ahantu hato. Mwijoro, ingendo - Abayisilamu bo mu Misiri na Maroc batangiye gutembera hano.
Mu 1477, ku mategeko y'Umujyi, Gaqmas El Zahry yashoje imva hafi y'umusigiti, hanyuma ahashyingurwa aho. Nyuma y'ikinyejana, imva ya Sheikh Abu al-Abbas El-Khuzhmi nayo yarashize.
Icyiciro gikurikira cyimpinduka ni ugusukura ifasi yegeranye ninyubako ziherereye, kandi wange imipaka yo kubaka.
Kubaka biherereye kuri kare "Misal El Maked", bisobanura "imisigiti yisi". Ifite hafi metero kare ibihumbi 43, izengurutswe n'izindi musi eshanu - muri bo Al-Buri na Yaqut al- 'Arshi.
Uburebure bw'urukuta rw'urusengero ni metero makumyabiri na atatu, bubatswe mu ibuye, Minara iherereye mu majyepfo, uburebure bwayo ni metero mirongo irindwi n'ejo. Hariho inzego enye mu musigiti - bane, cumi na bitanu, umunani na batatu birenze metero z'uburebure,. Guhimba igice cyo hejuru cya minara ni umuringa, nikimenyetso cya kisilamu cyukwezi.
Umusigiti yari yongeye kubakwa rwose mu 1944, afatwa nkicyitegererezo cyubuhanga bwubwubatsi. Imitako yubuhanga kuri Domes na MinAret, Imitako yibasiye inkuta hamwe na minbar itwaje - inyungu ziyi nyubako y'idini.
Hariho ubutware bubiri mu rusengero - Amajyaruguru afite umwanya wo kubona kare n'umuhanda biganisha ku ngoro y'umwami, unyuze mu burasirazuba nawe ubona akarere. Ingazi ziganisha kumusaruro byombi ni granite.
Ikinini cyo kubaka geometrically yerekana octagon hamwe nababuranyi muri metero makumyabiri na bibiri. Urukuta rwimbere rwimbere rwakozwe mumabuye. Inkingi cumi n'itandatu yo mu Butaliyani Granite ikomeza iragabano, hanyuma ikakomeza kuba ishyigikiwe n'isanduku.
Diameter ya minbar - Ishami ryo kuwa gatanu ninyigisho za Ku wa gatanu - Metero esheshatu. UPSTAirs Afite dome ifite ibisigo bivuye muri Korowani.
Muri iki gihe, Abu al-Abbas El Mursi ni imiterere myiza. Nibibazo nyamukuru bya kisilamu muri Alegizandiriya.
Ifasi aho ibyaha byasohotse - Maida, hamwe nubwiherero bumwe - biherereye mu burengerazuba bwikigo kandi bufite ubwinjiriro bwarwo bwo kwirengagiza kare.
Nigute ushobora kubona: Umusigiti wa El Mursi uherereye kuri aderesi ikurikira: Al Abbaseri, nka Satala Sharq, Qesm Al Gomrok. Sitasiyo ya bisi ya Elseary iherereye hafi yayo.
Inzu Ndangamurage y'Abagereki
Inzu ndangamurage y'Abagereki n'Abaroma ni ikindi cyingenzi cy'umujyi. Muri iki kigo hari ibintu byinshi bimurika ibihumbi mirongo ine, mubindi, muri byo harimo guhitamo kimwe ibiceri byo mu kinyejana cya kane kugeza ku ki gihe cyacu na kane - ibihe byacu. Nk'uko Sarcofagas yatangaga hano, inzabya z'ibumba, papirus n'ibindi bimurika, ba mukerarugendo bafite amahirwe yo kubona itandukaniro n'imiterere y'uburyo bwa kera bw'igihe cya Ptolemeyev, Abanyaroma n'Abagereki.
Muri marimari hamwe nimbaho, basanze ishusho yimana nyamukuru ya Alexandria. Muri salle aho ingona ya mummy hamwe nubuswa bwera bwingona yImana, uziga kubyerekeye gusenga izi nyamaswa muri dosiye.
Ikibaya cy'Uburusiya cyo mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya makumyabiri Ivan Bilibin, kuba mu kwimuka kwa Misiri, yakundaga kumarana muri iyi nzu ndangamurage.
Ishimire urugendo rwawe ku nkuru!