Ibihe bya Bulugariya

Anonim

Buligariya ntabwo ari igihugu gifite ahantu nyaburanga bidasanzwe, ariko kandi afite ubwiza busanzwe, amateka n'umuco byo muri iki gihugu byinjira cyane mu binyejana byinshi, kandi ibikurura byayo birashobora gutangaza na gato mukerarugendo. Ihame, hariho abantu bose - kandi beza imisozi miremire, hamwe na parike nini yigihugu hamwe ninyamaswa zo mu gasozi zirimo muri bo, n'inyamaswa z'umucanga, zirambuye ku nkombe z'inyanja yirabura, ndetse no ku isi nini y'igihe cy'Abasovirati. Muri ibyo rero muri iki gihugu gitangaje cyiza cya Balkan, muburyo bwa buri wese, buriwese azashobora kubona ikintu gishimishije. Ariko, hariho ibikurura, gusimbuka bitababarirwa gusa.

Umwe muribo aherereye mu kigo cy'umurwa mukuru wa Bulugariya mu mujyi wa Sofiya kandi afatwa nk'inyambari ikimenyetso cy'iyi leta - iyi ni katedrali ya Alexander Nevsky. Kubakwa kwari hagati ya 1882 na 1912, nuko Katedrali yubatswe kugira ngo yubahe kwibuka abasirikare bagera ku bihumbi magana abiri b'Abarusiya bapfuye mu gihe cyo kwibohora muri Koreka kuva muri Koke ya Turukiya. Katedrali ni nziza kuri dome ya metero 45 za zahabu, imbere imbere iratunganijwe numubare munini wa mosaics mosaika, amashusho yabatagatifu nabamarayika, ndetse nibice byinshi. Haciye bugufi cyane kuva ku gisenge kinini, kandi igicaniro kinini cy'ibiti hamwe n'intebe ziri imbere muri katedrali zishushanyijeho ibishushanyo mbonera.

Ibihe bya Bulugariya 32868_1

Mubyukuri hafi yumudugudu wa Crushn, uherereye mumashyamba yihuta hagati yimikorere myinshi ya karst, hari uburebure bwa metero makumyabiri. Igwa kuva muburebure no gusenyuka kuri casade hamwe namasumo mato, mugihe ibidengeri bito. Abashyitsi bose biroroshye cyane kugera kumasumo kandi barashobora gushakisha neza ibidukikije, kubintu byinshi hamwe nintambwe bifite ibikoresho. Ku nzira idasanzwe, urashobora kujya mu buvumo bwihishe, aho isoko yisumo ubwaryo riri. Abenegihugu bemeza ko ubu buvumo bufite imitungo yo gukiza, kandi amazi ubwayo akunzwe cyane nabatuye mumidugudu yegeranye.

Birakenewe kandi gusura umujyi wa Koprischtitsa, hurira hamwe na Bulugariya Yashize hanyuma ujye mu mihanda ya kera ya kera ya kera ninyungu zamabara n'inzuzi nyinshi. Hano uzinjira mu bitangaje cyane cyane muri Bulugariya, kubera ko uyu mujyi w'amateka uherereye mu mutima w'imisozi miremire. Mu bihe byashize, cyari ikigo cyo kurwanya Ottoman cyiganje muri Bulugariya, kandi abaturage baho baracyishimira. Ba mukerarugendo bakunda aha hantu cyane, kandi mubyukuri byerekana inzu ndangamurage yo gufungura. Nibyiza, amazu ye hamwe ningendo nyinshi birashobora kwitwa ingero zifatika zubuzima bwa Bulugariya, bwabaye mu kinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda.

Ibihe bya Bulugariya 32868_2

Umusozi wa Vithasha uzwi cyane ku butaka bwa Bulugariya iherereye hafi yumurwa mukuru wigihugu kandi ifite uburyo bwimikorere ya kera. Akenshi, abatuye umujyi baza hano kenshi mu mujyi bustle kandi bishimira ibidukikije, ikiruhuko cya Ski nacyo gikora hano n'inzira zigenda. Hamwe ningingo nyinshi zumusozi, ibitekerezo bya panodic byumujyi birakingurwa, biherereye hepfo. Gera hano byoroshye - urashobora gutwara muri bisi, urashobora kugenda n'amaguru, kandi urashobora kuzamuka ku modoka ya kabili. Ingingo yo hejuru yumusozi ni vertex yayo iherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 2290. Ba mukerarugendo baza hano hafi umwaka wose, kuko hano ari parike karemano ya Vitosh, ifatwa nkibya kera muri Balkans, usibye, bikubiyemo uruhe runini. No mu birenge hari amasoko ya minerval.

Mu 1982, abacukuzi b'ibyataburuwe mu matongo mu gihe cyakazi kabo bavumbuye mu buryo butunguranye imva ya Feenisiya mu nkono. Abahanga bemeza ko bubatswe mu kinyejana cya gatatu mbere ya mbere mu gihe cyacu ku muryango wa cyami wo mu muryango wa Goethe. Nubwo ufite imyaka ifatika, imva irabitswe imbere hanyuma urashobora kubona umugozi udasanzwe hamwe hamwe nibishushanyo, hamwe nibishushanyo bidasanzwe bishyigikira igisenge. Aha hantu ni ibintu bidasanzwe kandi bidasanzwe, kubera ko nta handi magarariwe nigeze hamenyekana n'imva ya Thracian, aho byaba ari byiza cyane hamwe n'ibishushanyo n'amashusho bitangaje.

Ibihe bya Bulugariya 32868_3

Igihome cyumuganwakazi nacyo gifatwa nkikimenyetso nyacyo cyo kunezeza Bulugariya. Ari ahantu gusa mubihe byashize - hashize imyaka mirongo inani hashize imyaka mirongo inani habaye ingoro y'abami bagati. Muri icyo gihe, umujyi wa Tarnovo wafatwaga nk'umurwa mukuru w'igihugu. Kubwibyo, ba mukerarugendo bishimiye gucukumbura amatongo ya kera yikigo kandi hamwe na hamwe nibisigazwa byinzu birenga magana agera kuri magana ane, ndetse n'amatorero menshi. Iyi ngingo ingenzi mu kwiregura muri gahunda y'ingamba yari iherereye cyane cyane ku butumburuke bwa metero 206 uvuye ku nyanja, maze imyaka amagana barenze ubwami bwa Bulugariya. Urashobora kugera gusa ku gihome n'amaguru, mugihe bizaba ngombwa kuzamuka ahantu hahanamye. Ariko ku gihome, urashobora kuzerera mu bwisanzure ndetse ukazamuka ku rukuta rwa kera.

Nta mujyi wa kera na plovdiv, kubera ko biri hagati kandi biherereye hamwe nimwe mu makinamico ya kera yazigamye. Iyi nyubako yo mu kinyejana cya mbere cyigihe cyafunguwe hano muri mirongo itandatu yikinyejana gishize. Abahanga bavuga ko ikinamico yerekana ikinamico y'Abaroma ku ngoma y'Umwami w'abami nk'umuyobozi wa Diyocleti kandi yagize uruhare runini mu miryango ya kera. Intambara y'aba gladiator, kwerekana ikinaki n'ibiteranyo binini byabereye hano. Muri iki gihe, ikinamico nayo ifite agaciro kandi irashobora kwakira abantu bagera ku 7.000 icyarimwe. Mubisanzwe hariho abaririmbyi nabaririmbyi ba opera. Umupfakazi ugenda mumihanda ishaje yo mumujyi, azamuka umusozi rero rero uzinjira mukinamico ya kera, kandi urashobora kwicara neza no kumva ucecetse, kandi wishimire inyubako nziza.

Parike yigihugu ya Pirin nayo ifatwa nkurwego rwigihugu rwa Bulugariya. Ibiyaga birenga 70 biherereye kuntambo yacyo, impinga ndende, imisozi n'amashyamba ashaje. Byongeye kandi, ntugomba kwibagirwa ko parike ari icumbi nyaryo kubintu byinshi byinyamanswa. Imisozi yimisozi izerera, idubu, ingunzu nimpyisi. Noneho, niba bishoboka, birakwiye gusurwa kuri ibi bidukikije byiza bidasanzwe, gutembera munzira nyinshi, gutembera munzira nyabagendwa, cyangwa kujya kuroba kuruhande rwisumo. Niba ushaka kwishimira ubwiza bwa parike, noneho urashobora kuguma nijoro mu kazu kandi ntuzibagirwe kureba muri Posina izwi, yari afite imyaka igera kuri 1350.

Ibihe bya Bulugariya 32868_4

Umujyi mwiza wa Buligariya wa nesebar mugihe cyimyaka 9000 gikomeje gushimisha abashyitsi baho. Umujyi wa kera wa nessebar uherereye ku gice cy'urutare, gihuza n'umugabane ukoresheje urugomero. Ubu ni inzu ndangamurage yukuri-yo mu kirere ifite kare nziza, imidugudu yuzuye n'amatorero ya kera. Amateka yose yo mumujyi, hamwe n'inzibutso ye, ahujwe na rempedsoxy hamwe na Roman na Byzantine. Nanone hano urashobora kubona ibisigazwa byinkike zabitswe. Ba mukerarugendo bose bishimiye amazu gakondo yimbaho ​​gakondo, yubatswe kumabuye arambye, umuyaga wikiraro hagati yumujyi mushya numujyi ushaje, hamwe namatorero atangaje na qupels.

Kandi, birakwiye rwose gusura muri Bulugariya ikigobe cya kila kizwi cyane, kiri mu misozi ya RILA. Yashinzwe mu kinyejana cya cumi kandi ni urwibutso rwingenzi kandi rwumuco hamwe nubwubatsi budasanzwe. Mubisanzwe nanone bita Yerusalemu ya Bulugariya. Imbere mu kigo cy'abihaye Imana uzabona ishusho y'idini, imibare yashushanyijeho, amashusho y'urukuta n'abihangano byamateka. Birashimishije kubona iyi monasiteri ya kera iracyafite agaciro kandi mu nyubako zayo zishushanyijeho zikora kandi utuye ahabike bagera kuri 60.

Soma byinshi