Czestochowa numujyi munini rwose mu majyepfo ya Polonye.
Izina rishimishije ryumujyi risobanurwa ngo "akenshi twihishe". Umujyi urashaje, uvugwa mumateka yo mu kinyejana cya 13. Umujyi ni icyatsi kinini kandi cyiza, kandi muricyo hari ibintu byinshi bishimishije.
Yasnogorsk monasiteri yinkumi yahiriwe Mariya (Sanktuarium Najswietzej Mariya Mai Panny Jasnogorskie)
Nyamukuru gukurura umujyi no hagati yurugendo muri Polonye. Iyi monasiteri gatolika izwiho kuba iby'ingenzi mu gishushanyo cy'abakristu kibikwa aho - igishushanyo cya nyina wa czestoriko. Ikigo cy'abihaye Imana kiruhukiye ku mizi yo mu kinyejana cya 14, igihe igikomangoma cyaho kizatumira gahunda ya Pulinov mu gihugu.
Abihayimana b'iri teka bari muri czestochowa zubaka ikigo cy'abihaye Imana. Bamuhamagaye rero mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro itorero rya Mutagatifu Lawrence, itorero ry'itegeko ryabo riri ku musozi w'izina rimwe muri Hongiriya. Uyu mogo kandi ahagarara kumusozi kandi arashobora kuboneka kure kubera umunara wa karubone (metero zirenga 100 muburebure). Uyu munsi, iyi monasiteri ni ikarita yo gusura umujyi. Abasura batangiye gukurikira iyi monasiteri mu kinyejana cya 15, nyuma yuko igishushanyo gikombwa hano. Icyakora, mu kinyejana cya 15 hari imyogo iteye ubwoba yibasiye Abasete (Uruvange rw'Amadini ya Ceki) ko itorero ryambuye kandi rigasenya agashusho k'ibishyingira. Agashusho kwoherejwe i Krakow kugeza kugarura, ariko rwose kuva munzira zananiwe gukuraho. Kurinda itorero kurushaho nabi, inkuta ndende zarubatse hafi yayo. Kandi ntiwumve, Abanyasudede ntibabuze amahirwe yo kugerageza imbaraga z'izo nkuta mu 1655. Mu binyejana bibiri biri imbere, igihome hamwe n'umwami wagize inshuro nyinshi, ariko, byose byatanze.
Mu ntambara ya kabiri y'isi yose, Abanazi babaga mu rusengero, bityo bakora disikuru zabo. Muri 45, ingabo z'Abasoviyeti zaje mu mujyi, zatwarwaga n'Abadage mu rusengero, ku buryo badafite umwanya wo kwihanganira ikintu cy'ingenzi. Nyuma y'intambara, kubaka ikigo cy'abihayego byakoraga imirimo ihita. Urugendo runini cyane rwabaye mu mwaka wa 91, igihe Papa John Paul wa II yahaye ikigo cy'abigombo - icyo gihe urusengero rwasuye abagenzi bagera kuri miliyoni.
Alley ya Bagin Umuhigi Mariya (Aleja Najswietzej Mariya Panny)
Umuhanda munini wumujyi wagaragaye hano mu ntangiriro yikinyejana cya 19 - yahuje umujyi ushaje hamwe n'ikigo. Ku muhanda, kurengana igice hamwe na boulevard hagati. Igihe abasura ingendo baza mu mujyi, bahora bazenguruka kumusozi wubumoso muriyi muhanda. Alley muburebure ni km 1.5, nubugari bwacyo ni metero. Ku mpande urashobora kubona amaduka atandukanye, KF na resitora, amabanki n'umuco. Turashobora kumenya ko inyubako nyinshi kumuhanda - inyenyeri, muburyo bwa kera, nubwo mumyaka yashize "bateje imbere" ninyubako zigezweho. Mu gihe cy'Abanazi, umuhanda wahinduye izina kuri Adolf Hitler-Alley, ariko nyuma yo kubohora czestochowa antwaro yagarutse izina rimwe. Igihe umuhanda watangiraga gusohoza, imirongo ine y'igituba irayihagazeho, ariko ikibabaje ni uko baciwe vuba, batera amapweko bose, limes na poplars. Ariko birasa nawe! Kuri Alley, urashobora kubona intebe poetess redins kwiyegurira Imana "umukobwa ufite inuma".
Basilica yumuryango Mutagatifu (Bazylika Archikatedratelna Swietej Rodziny)
Cathedrale nziza kandi imwe mu nyubako nini za Gothique i Burayi (Biracyaza, iminara y'uburebure bwa metero 80!). Urusengero rwubatswe mu gihembwe cya mbere cyo mu kinyejana gishize. Itorero rifite ibitego bitatu - bikozwe mu matafari atukura, hamwe n'amaduka ava mu ibuye ryera, hamwe n'imbuga nziza yashyizwemo hamwe n'ikirahure cyanduye. Kubwamahirwe, mugihe cyisi ya kabiri yurusengero, inzogera ebyiri zari zibwe kandi zikabisobanura ku ntwaro n'imbunda. Kubwibyo, nyuma yintambara nagombaga kujya kugarura ubwiza bwose. Muri 49, Katedrali yazanywe kuri katedrali, hagati y'izo, icya kabiri kinini mu gihugu cyose. Kandi nyuma gato, ingingo nke zashyizeho imirambo. Ibikoresho byiza cyane kandi byiza!
Umuhanda Inzu karindwi (Ulica 7 Kaminic)
Imwe mumihanda ya kera yumujyi ni hafi kumusozi wanduye. Ihamagarwa rero, kubera ko mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 19 hari amazu 7 gusa mu muhanda (nyuma yaho, wongeyeho abandi bake). Kuri uyu muhanda, amazu n'amazu azwi mu gihugu cya mico. Ntabwo bishoboka kubabwira amazina yabo, ariko buri pole arabizi. Nibyiza, byibuze hano havutse poetess Khalina kwiyegurira Imana kwiyegurira Imana, kubwicyubahiro cyiza cyashyizwe kuri Alley ya Virun Mariya. Kandi, umuhanda "urimo" mubibazo bimwe na bimwe bya gisirikare byigihugu. Birashobora kuvugwa ko umuhanda "umuhanga" "- kuriho hari ishuri ryindimi z'amahanga n'ubukungu, bikubiye mu rutonde rwa kaminuza nziza ya Polonye.
Ububiko bw'ibyataburuwe mu matongo n'umuco wa Presshtkaya (rezerwat archeologiczny kultyry luzyckiej)
Ubu butaka busanzwe bwakozweho iperereza kandi buboneka hagati mu kinyejana gishize, igihe Rail yashyizwe muri kiriya gihugu. Ibintu bijyanye n'imyaka y'icyuma (750-550 BC). Byaragaragaye ko irimbi rya kera kandi rikemuka metero kare 100 zari ku rubuga. Metero - Abacukuzi b'ivya kera babonye imva, skelet hamwe n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo. Nyuma yimyaka mike, inzu ndangamurage yeguriwe amateka nubucukuzi bwarafunguwe, aho abashyitsi bashoboraga kumenya uko abatuye bwa mbere babaga muri kariya gace (imurika ryakuwe muri kariya karere). Ibitekerezo bishimishije cyane - Umutotsi wa kera muburyo bwinyoni, imitako y'icyuma, amagufwa yitwa amagufwa, ibikoresho, inkono.
Ibintu bimwe byashize byabonetse aho (byerekanaga igihome cya gisirikare neza nibikorwa bya gisirikare kuntambo yacyo), ibimenyetso bya gisirikare, ibice byintwaro. Ibyagaragaye Byingenzi - Ikarita, imiterere yimodoka, ibiceri birashimishije rwose. Imurikagurisha rishimishije!
Itorero rya Mutagatifu Barbara (Kosciol SW. Barbary)
Iyi ni Kiliziya Gatolika ya Roma, iri muri kilometero mu majyepfo yumusozi usobanutse. Ikape ya Barbara imaze kuba muri uyu mujyi wa kabiri (mu kinyejana 15-16). Uwo mvuga, yubatse mu kinyejana cya 17, aho aherereye mu buryo bw'igitangaza, aho abantu bari bazi mu binyejana bibiri mbere yo kubaka. Itorero rifite abavugizi batatu, muburyo bwo kuvugurura, hamwe na sactistance. Muri kimwe mu bice hanze, urashobora kubona icche ifite ibishusho. Igicaniro cy'urusengero cyagaragaye mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, kandi ari mu buryo bwa Borokko. Inkuta nziza z'itorero zishushanyijeho amashusho mu kinyejana cya 19 Kona, kandi hari imyandikire ya marimari hamwe na bas-futique.