Klaipedita - Umujyi wa gatatu munini wa Lituwaniya.
Iherereye mu burengerazuba bw'igihugu. Abahanga bizeye ko aka gace gakewe mu binyejana bya mbere byigihe cyacu. Kugeza mu gihembwe cya mbere cyo mu kinyejana cya 16, Klaipedita yari uw'ikimateka ya Teutonike, kugeza mu mwaka wa 25 w'ikinyejana cya 25. Kandi buri ba nyirushya basize inyuma yikintu runaka. Kubwamahirwe, hagati mu kinyejana cya 19 hari umuriro ukomeye, wangije ibirenga bibiri bya kimwe cya kabiri cy'inyubako zishaje n'insengero zose, hanyuma mu isi ya kabiri iracyafite "isuku". Uyu munsi rero urashobora kubona amatongo gusa yibyo byiyongera.
Nibyiza, Klaipedita kuva mu kinyejana gishize azwi ku izina ry'inyanja nziza hamwe n'ikirere cyoroheje. Mu majyaruguru ya Klaipeda hari inyanja eshatu hamwe n'ibendera ry'ubururu - ushaka kuvuga, gususuza cyane kandi byashyizwe mu koga.
Muri rusange, ninde ujya ikomokera iki, ariko uko byagenda kose, birakenewe gutanga umwanya no kubona ibintu bikurura. Hano, nukuvuga, iki, kurugero:
Itorero ryose rya Sawelic (Baznycia Sudu Svenuju spindintis Rusijos Zeme)
Urusengero "rw'abatagatifu bose, mu gihugu cy'Abarusiya" rumeze nk'itorero rya luterani bafite igisenge. Itorero ryubatswe mu 1910 ku irimbi ry'Abaluteriyani. Mu gihe cyo kubohoza Klaipeda mu myaka 44-45 yo mu kinyejana gishize, umujyi washenywe cyane, ariko iri torero ryarwanyaga. Nyuma y'intambara, umujyi watangiye kugarura neza, wubaka kuroba, imishinga y'amatungo yo kubaka, ibitaro, ibigo ndangamuco. Abatuye orotodogisi barushagaho kuba benshi. Nyuma yo gusaba byinshi mu buyobozi bw'umujyi, urusengero rwahawe umuryango wa orotodogisi, wari ufite urusengero kandi rukacamo, ndetse no kuzanwa n'itorero rimwe rifunze rya Liepaja Iconasis. Uyu munsi, umuryango wa orotodogisi uri ku rusengero nimwe muri rusange. Abaparuwasi bongeye kubaka indi nyubako iruhande rw'urusengero abayobozi b'amadini. Mu rusengero, nabo bagaburira bakeneye ubufasha, kandi ibicuruzwa bihingwa bihingwa mu busitani ku rusengero. Hariho kandi urusengero rwishuri ryo ku cyumweru.
Ikibuga cya Memel
Bwa mbere, ikigo kivugwa muri 1252. Ikigo cyari ibiti, gihagarara ku gishanga. Kubwibyo, byafashwe byewe kubaka igihome kiva ibuye. Ikigo cyaragaragaye ko gishobora kubazwa, hamwe n'inzu, inkombe, inyubako ziva ku ibuye n'ibiti imbere. Yaguye mu butegetsi bwa Teutonike, mu rwego rwo ku butaka bwa Esitoniya. Mu gihembwe cya gatatu cy'ikinyejana cya 14, igihome cyatwitswe, cyahise kigarurwa.
Mu kinyejana cya 15, igihome cyashimangiwe kandi gihuzwa no gukoresha intwaro. Yasaga nk'ibigo byose byo muri ako gace, amatafari atukura, afite inkuta nini. Igihe itorero ryarimbuwe mu mujyi, amabuye n'amatafari byoherejwe kugira ngo akomeze iki gihome, kandi, yari akikijwe n'inyoni nini, ni bo ikiraro cy'ibiti. Mu kinyejana cya 17, igihome cyakorewe umuriro utabera kandi kigabaga, bityo agomba kongera kwangwa. Mu 1757, ikigo cyamenyerejwe n'ingabo z'Uburusiya, ariko, nyuma y'intambara, igihome cyatakaje iyo gisirikare kandi kiragabanuka na gato. Mu 1770, inkuta zo hanze zarasenyutse, umwobo usinzira, kandi inyubako itangira gukoresha kubyo umujyi ukeneye. Mu gihembwe cya gatatu cy'ikinyejana cya 19, inyubako zisigaye zarasenyutse.
Mu mbaraga z'Abasoviyeti, igihome, cyane, abasigaye be ntibemerewe gusura, kuko yari iherereye ku butaka bumwe mu bihingwa byaragoye kugenda nta ruhushya. Ariko, mu mwaka wa 94, iki gihingwa cyimuwe, kandi kubaka mu kigo cyafashwe icyemezo cyo kugarura. Kugira ngo dukore ibi, ndetse n'amarushanwa yihariye yabereye mu mujyi. Imwe mu minara y'ikigo iragaruwe, ariko, yamaze gukoresha ibindi bikoresho (ikirahure, urugero), kandi kuva 2002 hari inzu ndangamurage.
Squater Square (Teatro Aikste)
Agace kazwi cyane k'umujyi kandi, ahari, kimwe mu bihe byiza cyane mu mujyi. Ari mu mujyi wa kera. Ikibanza gifite isoko nziza, kaburimbo, kandi, byanze bikunze, ikinamico yubatswe mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 18, ndetse n'irwibutso rwa Salomo dahu.
Aka gace kamaze kwitwa isoko, nkuko hari umuhanda wisoko kuruhande. Ku kibanza hari ibyabaye guhora mu mico, iminsi mikuru n'umubiri. No ku kibanza hari casinos, kandi ku manywa ushobora guhura n'abashyingiranywe, bafotorwa ku mateka y'ubwiza bwose. Kuruhande rwa kano gace hari ikiraro cyo guhana cyangwa "ikiraro cya karl", gitambishijwe imitwe yintare n'ibimasa. Noneho, iki kiraro kimaze guhinduka ikarita yubucuruzi ya clawent. Ikiraro kimaze, munzira, ni ibiti. Yatandukanije umujyi mushya mu mujyi wa kera, kandi ayo mato yagombaga koga munsi y'ikiraro yari akwiye kwishyura umusoro. Hanyuma imitego itangira kugendera ku kiraro yicyuma, noneho ukuri, basa nkaho bahagaritswe.
Itara rya Klaipes (Klaipes Svyturys)
Iyi tara ryubatswe mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 18. Kandi iyi ni imwe mumatara ya kera yinyanja ya baltique. Itara rihagaze ku gitaganguzi mu kigobe cy'uburaro. Uburebure bw'amatara ni metero 16, nubwo, ukurikije imigambi y'ubwubatsi, itara ryagombaga kuba metero 25, ariko, nkuko bisanzwe, ridafite amafaranga ahagije.
Itara ryaka gusa kuri kilometero 4, ndetse niyo, gusa niba byari bisobanutse - ntabwo byari bihagije kubikenewe mumijyi. Noneho, nyuma yigihe runaka, umucyo wafashwe icyemezo cyo kugaruka no kwirinda. Kandi ntacyo byari bimaze. Yahinduye ibikoresho byose kuburyo itara ryakuyeho umucyo wa km 30. Nkaho itara ryatanzwe nibindi bimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso, kurugero, ibendera ritukura, ryerekana akaga, hamwe nibendera ry'umuhondo ryerekanaga umutekano wuzuye. Kuva mu 1937, itara ryari rimaze gushobora kohereza ibimenyetso bya radiyo. Mbere y'intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose, iyi itara n'akarere bizengurutse byari bizwi cyane mu banyakerarugendo.
Ndetse yari ikimenyetso cy'umujyi kandi yiswe "umutuku", kuko itara ryaka kure kubera ibara rye ry'umutuku-ryera. Noneho itara, nukuvuga, umukara n'umweru. Ku mucyo hari urubuga rwo gutembera hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo kubona umujyi no mu nyanja. Mu nzira, mu gihe ntahatiro atari ifasi, itara ryangiritse ariko, hanyuma, hanyuma yongeye kubakwa na gato, ku buryo bitaguye. Rero, hafi ntakintu cyasize itara rya kera. Ni uko imbere yinyubako ikikije itara rishya. Uyu munsi, itara rihagaze ku gishushanyo kidasanzwe, niko bizagira metero 44 kuri metero 44. Nibyo, kandi ibishushanyo mbonera byateye imbere cyane. Ku itara ntizishobora kuzamuka, ikibabaje. Urashobora gufata ifoto iruhande rwe, ariko nanjye ntakintu.