Veliky Novgorod ndi mzinda wakale ku Russia, popeza kuti kutchulidwa koyamba kwakhala chaka chimodzi makumi asanu ndi atatu kudza zisanu ndi zinayi, ndipo tsiku lenileni la miziro yake ili ndi chinsinsi. Munali mumzinda uno kuti mabuku oyamba olembedwa ku Russia adalembedwa, ndipo anali pano madipuloma oyamba a Birchy omwe amapezeka. Ndipo ili ndi malo osungirako zinthu zakale amzinda. Pano pali mzimu womwe umafuna - mapaki, nyanja, nkhalango za mtsinje komanso zipilala zambiri zakale. Kodi ife ndi mnzanu tingathe kuphonya chuma chotere? Pofuna kuyang'ana malo onse osangalatsa a mzindawu, ndikofunikira kugawa masiku osachepera khumi a tchuthi chanu. Tsopano ndikuyesera kufotokoza zosangalatsa kwambiri zowoneka zosangalatsa kwambiri za veliky Novgorod, zomwe ziyenera kuwonedwa mu zonse.
Sophia Cathedral . Cathedral iyi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zotchuka kwambiri za zomangamanga za nthawi ya Russia wakale. Poyamba, tchalitchi ichi chinali kachisi wa kalonga, popeza adamangidwa ndi dongosolo la Prince Vladimir, yemwe anali mwana wa Yaroslav. Kachisiyo adamangidwa kwa zaka zisanu, ndipo ngati zinali zolondola, ndiye kuti zomanga zomanga zaka chikwi chimodzi-zisanu zidayamba, ndipo zidamalizidwa mu chikwi chimodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi makumi asanu. Ndi kachisi wa kalonga, tchalitchi sichinali motalika kwambiri, popeza ali kale kale m'zaka za zana la 12, adasandulika kukachisi waukulu wa gulu la Novgorod. Chithunzi cha mkachisi chimakhala chachikulu komanso chachikulu, ndipo chimafanana ndi magulu ambiri. Kapangidwe ka gawo, kuchokera kumbali zitatu, amazunguliridwa ndi zithunzi ziwiri zosungapo ziwiri. Mkati mwa Kachisi, Inconstasis atatu amaikidwa. Zizindikiro za ku tchalitchi zili zochuluka kwambiri, ndipo pakati pawo, monga Eusuimia Great, dzina lake Anthony, Anthony, Tikhvin chithunzi cha namwali. Kuphatikiza pazizindikiro, zotsalira za oyera asanu ndi limodziwo amakhala m'kachisi - akalonga a MstiSlav ndi Feder, princer Irina ndi mwana wake Vladishops Nikita ndi John. Cathedral, ili ndi nthano yawo. Mu chikwi chimodzi mazana asanu, ofananira Ivan Grozny, okhala mumzinda uno adawonongedwa. Chifukwa chake, mwa Novgorood, nkhundayo inatuluka nthawi iyi, yomwe inali yotopa ndikukhala pansi kuti ipumere mtandawo uja. Kupuma ndikuyang'ana, njiwa idawona mbali yoyipa iyi ndipo kwenikweni, yodziletsa chifukwa cha mantha. Pakapita kanthawi, amonke m'modzi mwa amonke anali namwali, yemwe adamuuza kuti sanali nkhunda yosavuta, monga momwe adatumizira kuti atonthoze mzindawo, ndipo mpaka iye atayatsidwa ndi chitetezo chake . Munthawi ya nkhondo yayikulu ya dziko lapansi, mtanda womwe uli ndi nkhunda udachotsedwa mu Spaniards omwe adamenyedwa kumbali ya Ajeremani, ndikubwezeretsa malo awo akale, adatha chaka chawo chikwi chimodzi ndi chachinayi.
Chipilala "Zakachikulu za Russia" . Ili m'dera la mzindawu kremlin. Popeza chipilalacho chidaperekedwa kwa zaka chikwi chimodzi kuyambira pomwe zifukwa zaku Russia, zimamveka kukhala ndi mfundo yokhazikika chaka chisanu ndi atatu. Ichi ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, zowoneka bwino ndikufanana ndi belu lomwe anthu onse pafupifupi mafumu onse a Russia, wamkulu wa Russia, amonke ndi olemba amapezeka. Onsewa, pa chipilala ichi, pali ziwerengero zana limodzi ndi makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi zinayi za anthu otchuka omwe nthawi inayake amasiya zojambulazo za boma. Chipilalacho chimavekedwa ndi mpira wamphamvu, ndipo mngelo akukwera pamenepo, omwe m'manja mwake ali ndi mtanda ndi pafupi ndi iye, ataimirira mkazi yemwe ali chizindikiro cha Russia.
Sofia Belfry . Mutha kusirirani ku Novgorod Kremlin. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa chiyero cha Sofia, chakhala chaka chikwi chimodzi hafu makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Malinga ndi lipoti la zolembedwa zakale, chigumula champhamvu chachitika, chomwe chimasambitsa khoma la Kremlin ndikukulunga zikhale. Malinga ndi ofufuza ena, poyambirira anali pakhoma la Kremlin, kapena anali pafupi ndi iyo. Zaka ziwiri izi zitachitika zomvetsa chisonizi, chikhale chatsopanocho chinamangidwa, koma nthawi zonse ankamangidwanso. Pakati pa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi, zinali zamakono pomanga zipilala zisanu ndi chimodzi, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mabere asanu ndi mabelu atayikiridwa mwa iwo. M'masiku akutali, Maofi a Sofia adamveka pamtunda wa makilomita makumi asanu, ndipo adatchuka chifukwa cha kusungulumwa kwawo. Mabelu ndi mawu awo odabwitsa, okhazikika mwamuyaya mu condir of the Womer Wopanga Sergemaninov, yemwe ndi njira adabadwira m'magawo awa.
Kuyambira pamenepo, mabelu ankatha kuvutitsidwa ndi mbiri yawo yovuta, yomwe idawachitikira mu Ogasiti chikwi chimodzi mazana asanu ndi anayi kudza makumi anayi kudza makumi anayi kudza. M'masiku amenewo, mabelu amafuna kuti apulumutse ndikuwasintha pa barge kumalo otetezeka, koma pakama pamalo omwe anali, bomba lachijeremani lidabwera. Mabelu anali kumira, koma awiri a iwo, ndi wamkulu kwambiri, koma adakwanitsa kupulumutsa ndi kuyika maliro. Chifukwa chakuti mzindawu umathamangitsidwa nthawi zonse ndipo mawu a owomberawo anali nthawi zambiri amayenda bwino, mabeluwo adavutika kwambiri, ndipo anali ndi luso lokonzekera. Inabwezeretsedwa mwachangu, chifukwa mu chikwi chimodzi mazana asanu ndi anayi mphambu makumi anayi ndi zinayi, Sofia Bellls amawoneka chimodzimodzi monga m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri. Mabelu omwe anatha kukhala ndi moyo, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda, nabwerera kwawo, koma mphete yake sizinali zabwino. Masiku ano, mabelu amenewa sanapite kulikonse, akadali m'malo awo, chowonadi adawakhazikitsa mabelu pa maziko apadera. Sindingathe kukufotokozerani ndi mawu, ndiye kuti ndikumva mukawakhudza ndi dzanja lanu. Choyamba, zomverera ndizochilengedwe, chifukwa pansi pa chitsulo cha kanjedza, koma pomwe chimakhala kutali ndi kutentha kwa thupi, ndiye ngati zikhala m'moyo. Mfundo yoti mabelu akale ndiosavomerezeka kuti muchotsere nyimbo za nyimbo zomwe zamveka sizikukhumudwitsa azungu, chifukwa mabelu atsopano adayikidwa mu mabelu, omwe samawatchulapo kale kuposa kale, tsiku lililonse kawiri pa tsiku, mu m'mawa ndi madzulo. Onetsetsani kuti mwasangalala kulira. Ndikhulupirireni, zomverera ndizosamveka!